fix(core): preserve Merge model override settings

Buffer bulk history privately and publish once with a bounded head window. Preserve pending anchor compensation while ensuring newer navigation cancels obsolete Home work. Add atomic-loading and real-App navigation regressions.

packages/client/src/solid/data.ts

@@ -307,6 +307,7 @@ export function createData(config: CreateDataInput) {
   // submission order. Each waits for the previous POST to settle, so one
   // failure does not block the next.
   const sending = new Map<string, Promise<unknown>>()
+  const messageLoads = new Map<string, Promise<unknown>>()
   const compacting = new Map<string, { id: string; observed: Set<string>; request: Promise<SessionInboxCompaction> }>()
   onCleanup(() => compacting.clear())
 
@@ -1529,20 +1530,70 @@ export function createData(config: CreateDataInput) {
         loading(sessionID: string) {
           return store.session.messageLoading[sessionID] ?? false
         },
-        async loadMore(sessionID: string) {
+        async loadMore(
+          sessionID: string,
+          options?: {
+            all?: boolean
+            signal?: AbortSignal
+            /** Runs synchronously inside the store-publication batch. */
+            beforePublish?: () => void
+          },
+        ) {
+          const signal = options?.signal
+          if (signal?.aborted) return
+          while (messageLoads.has(sessionID)) {
+            const published = await (() => {
+              const pending = messageLoads.get(sessionID)
+              if (!signal) return pending
+              const aborted = Promise.withResolvers<void>()
+              const cancel = () => aborted.resolve()
+              signal.addEventListener("abort", cancel, { once: true })
+              return Promise.race([pending, aborted.promise])
+                .catch((error) => {
+                  if (!signal.aborted) throw error
+                })
+                .finally(() => signal.removeEventListener("abort", cancel))
+            })()
+            if ((!options?.all && published) || signal?.aborted) return
+          }
           const cursor = store.session.messageCursor[sessionID]
-          if (!cursor || store.session.messageLoading[sessionID]) return
+          if (!cursor || signal?.aborted) return
           setStore("session", "messageLoading", sessionID, true)
-          const response = await api()
-            .message.list({ sessionID, limit: messagePageLimit, cursor })
+          const request = (async () => {
+            const fetched: SessionMessageInfo[] = []
+            let next: string | undefined = cursor
+            do {
+              const response = await api().message.list(
+                {
+                  sessionID,
+                  limit: options?.all ? 200 : messagePageLimit,
+                  cursor: next,
+                },
+                { signal },
+              )
+              if (signal?.aborted) return
+              fetched.push(...response.data)
+              next = response.cursor.next ?? undefined
+              if (!options?.all) break
+            } while (next)
+            // A jump through history publishes once, not once per page of offscreen messages.
+            const existing = store.session.message[sessionID] ?? []
+            const ids = new Set(existing.map((item) => item.id))
+            const messages = [...fetched.reverse().filter((item) => !ids.has(item.id)), ...existing]
+            batch(() => {
+              options?.beforePublish?.()
+              messageIndex.set(sessionID, new Map(messages.map((item, position) => [item.id, position])))
+              setStore("session", "message", sessionID, reconcile(messages))
+              setStore("session", "messageCursor", sessionID, next)
+            })
+            return true
+          })()
+            .catch((error) => {
+              if (!signal?.aborted) throw error
+            })
             .finally(() => setStore("session", "messageLoading", sessionID, false))
-          const older = response.data.toReversed()
-          const existing = store.session.message[sessionID] ?? []
-          const ids = new Set(existing.map((item) => item.id))
-          const messages = [...older.filter((item) => !ids.has(item.id)), ...existing]
-          messageIndex.set(sessionID, new Map(messages.map((item, position) => [item.id, position])))
-          setStore("session", "message", sessionID, reconcile(messages))
-          setStore("session", "messageCursor", sessionID, response.cursor.next ?? undefined)
+          track(messageLoads, sessionID, request)
+          await request
         },
         invalidate(sessionID: string) {
           sync.invalidate(`session.message:${sessionID}`)

packages/client/test/solid-data.test.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { expect, test } from "bun:test"
+import { getEventListeners } from "node:events"
 import { createRoot } from "solid-js"
 import { createData, type CreateDataInput } from "../src/solid"
 import { OpenCode, type OpenCodeEvent, type Project, type SessionInfo } from "../src/promise"
@@ -414,6 +415,120 @@ test("loads bounded message pages", async () => {
   }
 })
 
+test.each(["success", "failure", "cancel", "cancel-retry", "cancel-page", "join-cancel", "join-failure"])(
+  "bulk history (%s)",
+  async (mode) => {
+    const messages = [1, 2, 3].map((index) => ({
+      id: `msg_${index}`,
+      type: "user",
+      text: `Message ${index}`,
+      time: { created: index },
+    }))
+    const release = Promise.withResolvers<void>()
+    const controller = new AbortController()
+    const requests: URL[] = []
+    const publications: string[][] = []
+    const api = OpenCode.make({
+      baseUrl: "http://opencode.local",
+      fetch: async (input, init) => {
+        const url = new URL(input instanceof Request ? input.url : String(input))
+        requests.push(url)
+        const cursor = url.searchParams.get("cursor")
+        if (!cursor) return Response.json({ data: [messages[2]], cursor: { next: "recent" } })
+        if (cursor === "recent") {
+          if (mode.startsWith("join")) await release.promise
+          if (mode === "join-failure") return Response.json({ message: "offline" }, { status: 503 })
+          return Response.json({ data: [messages[2], messages[1]], cursor: { next: "oldest" } })
+        }
+        if (cursor === "oldest") return Response.json({ data: [messages[0]], cursor: { next: "empty" } })
+        expect(init?.signal).toBe(requests.length === 4 ? controller.signal : undefined)
+        await release.promise
+        if (mode === "failure") return Response.json({ message: "offline" }, { status: 503 })
+        return Response.json({ data: [], cursor: {} })
+      },
+    })
+    const setup = createRoot((dispose) => {
+      const data = createData({
+        api: () => api,
+        directory: "/project",
+        event: { on: () => () => {}, listen: () => () => {} },
+      })
+      return { data, dispose }
+    })
+
+    try {
+      await setup.data.session.message.sync("ses_refresh")
+      const newest = setup.data.session.message.get("ses_refresh", "msg_3")
+      const load = setup.data.session.message.loadMore(
+        "ses_refresh",
+        mode.startsWith("join")
+          ? undefined
+          : {
+              all: true,
+              signal: controller.signal,
+              beforePublish: () => {
+                publications.push(setup.data.session.message.list("ses_refresh").map((message) => message.id))
+                expect(setup.data.session.message.get("ses_refresh", "msg_3")).toBe(newest)
+              },
+            },
+      )
+      const joined = setup.data.session.message.loadMore("ses_refresh", { all: true, signal: controller.signal })
+      const settled = Promise.allSettled([load, joined])
+      if (mode.startsWith("join")) {
+        await wait(() => requests.length === 2)
+        expect(getEventListeners(controller.signal, "abort")).toHaveLength(1)
+        controller.abort()
+        let cancelled = false
+        void joined.then(() => {
+          cancelled = true
+        })
+        await wait(() => cancelled)
+        expect(setup.data.session.message.loading("ses_refresh")).toBe(true)
+        expect(getEventListeners(controller.signal, "abort")).toHaveLength(0)
+        release.resolve()
+        expect((await settled).map((result) => result.status)).toEqual(
+          mode === "join-failure" ? ["rejected", "fulfilled"] : ["fulfilled", "fulfilled"],
+        )
+        expect(requests.at(-1)?.searchParams.get("limit")).toBe("20")
+        expect(requests).toHaveLength(2)
+        expect(setup.data.session.message.more("ses_refresh")).toBe(true)
+        expect(setup.data.session.message.list("ses_refresh").map((message) => message.id)).toEqual(
+          mode === "join-failure" ? ["msg_3"] : ["msg_2", "msg_3"],
+        )
+        return
+      }
+      await wait(() => requests.length === 4)
+      expect(setup.data.session.message.loading("ses_refresh")).toBe(true)
+      expect(setup.data.session.message.list("ses_refresh").map((message) => message.id)).toEqual(["msg_3"])
+      expect(requests.slice(1).map((url) => url.searchParams.get("limit"))).toEqual(["200", "200", "200"])
+      if (mode.startsWith("cancel")) controller.abort()
+      const retry =
+        mode === "cancel-retry" || mode === "cancel-page"
+          ? setup.data.session.message.loadMore("ses_refresh", mode === "cancel-retry" ? { all: true } : undefined)
+          : undefined
+      release.resolve()
+      expect((await settled).map((result) => result.status)).toEqual(
+        mode === "failure" ? ["rejected", "rejected"] : ["fulfilled", "fulfilled"],
+      )
+      await retry
+      const success = mode === "success" || mode === "cancel-retry"
+      expect(setup.data.session.message.loading("ses_refresh")).toBe(false)
+      expect(setup.data.session.message.more("ses_refresh")).toBe(!success)
+      expect(setup.data.session.message.list("ses_refresh").map((message) => message.id)).toEqual(
+        success ? ["msg_1", "msg_2", "msg_3"] : mode === "cancel-page" ? ["msg_2", "msg_3"] : ["msg_3"],
+      )
+      expect(setup.data.session.message.get("ses_refresh", "msg_3")).toBe(newest)
+      expect(requests).toHaveLength(mode === "cancel-retry" ? 7 : mode === "cancel-page" ? 5 : 4)
+      if (mode === "cancel-page") expect(requests.at(-1)?.searchParams.get("limit")).toBe("20")
+      expect(publications).toEqual(mode === "success" ? [["msg_3"]] : [])
+      expect(getEventListeners(controller.signal, "abort")).toHaveLength(0)
+    } finally {
+      release.resolve()
+      setup.dispose()
+    }
+  },
+)
+
 test("preserves assistant content replacement events across an active message read", async () => {
   const listeners = new Set<Parameters<CreateDataInput["event"]["listen"]>[0]>()
   const release = Promise.withResolvers<void>()

packages/core/src/aisdk.ts

@@ -482,8 +482,7 @@ function toolMessage(input: LLMRequest["messages"][number]) {
     const value = part.result.value.filter((item) => {
       if (item.type !== "file") return true
       if (!item.mime.startsWith("image/") && item.mime !== "application/pdf") return true
-      const data = /^data:[^;,]+(?:;[^,]*)*;base64,(.*)$/s.exec(item.uri)?.[1] ?? item.uri
-      media.push({ type: "file", mediaType: item.mime, data, filename: item.name })
+      media.push({ type: "file", mediaType: item.mime, data: fileData(item.uri), filename: item.name })
       return false
     })
     return toolResultPart({
@@ -507,7 +506,7 @@ function text(part: ContentPart) {
 function userPart(part: ContentPart): UserContent {
   if (part.type === "text") return [{ type: "text", text: part.text }]
   if (part.type === "media")
-    return [{ type: "file", mediaType: part.mediaType, data: part.data, filename: part.filename }]
+    return [{ type: "file", mediaType: part.mediaType, data: fileData(part.data), filename: part.filename }]
   return []
 }
 
@@ -516,7 +515,7 @@ function assistantPart(part: ContentPart): AssistantContent {
     case "text":
       return [{ type: "text", text: part.text, providerOptions: metadataProviderOptions(part.providerMetadata) }]
     case "media":
-      return [{ type: "file", mediaType: part.mediaType, data: part.data, filename: part.filename }]
+      return [{ type: "file", mediaType: part.mediaType, data: fileData(part.data), filename: part.filename }]
     case "reasoning":
       return [{ type: "reasoning", text: part.text, providerOptions: metadataProviderOptions(part.providerMetadata) }]
     case "tool-call":
@@ -535,6 +534,15 @@ function assistantPart(part: ContentPart): AssistantContent {
   }
 }
 
+function fileData(data: Extract<ContentPart, { type: "media" }>["data"]) {
+  if (typeof data !== "string") return data
+  const base64 = /^data:[^;,]+(?:;[^,]*)*;base64,(.*)$/s.exec(data)?.[1]
+  if (base64 !== undefined) return base64
+  if (!URL.canParse(data)) return data
+  const url = new URL(data)
+  return url.protocol === "http:" || url.protocol === "https:" ? url : data
+}
+
 function toolResultPart(part: ContentPart): ToolResultContent[] {
   if (part.type !== "tool-result") return []
   return [

packages/core/src/bus.ts

@@ -294,162 +294,156 @@ export function configured(options?: Options) {
         ) {
           return Effect.gen(function* () {
             const durable = definition.durable
-            if (durable) {
-              const aggregateID = (event.data as Record<string, unknown>)[durable.aggregate]
-              if (typeof aggregateID !== "string") {
-                yield* Effect.die(
-                  new InvalidDurableEventError({
-                    type: event.type,
-                    message: `Expected string aggregate field ${durable.aggregate}`,
-                  }),
-                )
-              } else {
-                if (input && input.aggregateID !== aggregateID) {
-                  yield* Effect.die(
-                    new InvalidDurableEventError({
-                      type: event.type,
-                      message: `Aggregate mismatch: expected ${input.aggregateID}, got ${aggregateID}`,
-                    }),
-                  )
-                }
-                const list = projectors.get(versionedType(definition.type, durable.version)) ?? []
-                return yield* Effect.uninterruptible(
-                  Effect.gen(function* () {
-                    const committed = yield* db
-                      .transaction(
-                        () =>
-                          Effect.gen(function* () {
-                            const row = yield* db
-                              .select({ seq: EventSequenceTable.seq, ownerID: EventSequenceTable.owner_id })
-                              .from(EventSequenceTable)
-                              .where(eq(EventSequenceTable.aggregate_id, aggregateID))
-                              .get()
-                              .pipe(Effect.orDie)
-                            const latest = row?.seq ?? -1
-                            const encoded = Schema.encodeUnknownSync(definition.data)(event.data) as Record<
-                              string,
-                              unknown
-                            >
-                            if (input?.strictOwner && row?.ownerID && row.ownerID !== input.ownerID) {
-                              yield* Effect.die(
-                                new InvalidDurableEventError({
-                                  type: event.type,
-                                  message: `Replay owner mismatch for aggregate ${aggregateID}: expected ${row.ownerID}, got ${input.ownerID ?? "none"}`,
-                                }),
-                              )
-                            }
-                            if (input && input.seq <= latest) {
-                              if (!persist) return
-                              const stored = yield* db
-                                .select()
-                                .from(EventTable)
-                                .where(and(eq(EventTable.aggregate_id, aggregateID), eq(EventTable.seq, input.seq)))
-                                .get()
-                                .pipe(Effect.orDie)
-                              if (
-                                stored?.id === event.id &&
-                                stored.type === versionedType(definition.type, durable.version) &&
-                                stored.created === (event.created ?? 0) &&
-                                isDeepStrictEqual(stored.data, encoded)
-                              ) {
-                                if (input.ownerID && row?.ownerID == null) {
-                                  yield* db
-                                    .update(EventSequenceTable)
-                                    .set({ owner_id: input.ownerID })
-                                    .where(eq(EventSequenceTable.aggregate_id, aggregateID))
-                                    .run()
-                                    .pipe(Effect.orDie)
-                                }
-                                return
-                              }
-                              yield* Effect.die(
-                                new InvalidDurableEventError({
-                                  type: event.type,
-                                  message: `Replay diverged at aggregate ${aggregateID} sequence ${input.seq}`,
-                                }),
-                              )
-                            }
-                            if (input && row?.ownerID && row.ownerID !== input.ownerID) {
-                              return
-                            }
-                            const seq = input?.seq ?? latest + 1
-                            if (input && seq !== latest + 1) {
-                              yield* Effect.die(
-                                new InvalidDurableEventError({
-                                  type: event.type,
-                                  message: `Sequence mismatch for aggregate ${aggregateID}: expected ${latest + 1}, got ${seq}`,
-                                }),
-                              )
-                            }
-                            if (persist) {
-                              const stored = yield* db
-                                .select({ aggregateID: EventTable.aggregate_id, seq: EventTable.seq })
-                                .from(EventTable)
-                                .where(eq(EventTable.id, event.id))
-                                .get()
-                                .pipe(Effect.orDie)
-                              if (stored)
-                                yield* Effect.die(
-                                  new InvalidDurableEventError({
-                                    type: event.type,
-                                    message: `Event ${event.id} already exists at aggregate ${stored.aggregateID} sequence ${stored.seq}`,
-                                  }),
-                                )
-                            }
-                            const committed = {
-                              ...event,
-                              durable: { aggregateID, seq, version: durable.version },
-                            } as Event.Payload
-                            const route = yield* prepareRoutes([committed])
-                            for (const projector of list) {
-                              yield* projector(committed)
-                            }
-                            if (commit) yield* commit(seq)
-                            yield* db
-                              .insert(EventSequenceTable)
-                              .values([{ aggregate_id: aggregateID, seq, owner_id: input?.ownerID }])
-                              .onConflictDoUpdate({
-                                target: EventSequenceTable.aggregate_id,
-                                set: {
-                                  seq: sql`max(${EventSequenceTable.seq}, ${seq})`,
-                                  ...(input?.ownerID && row?.ownerID == null ? { owner_id: input.ownerID } : {}),
-                                },
-                              })
-                              .run()
-                              .pipe(Effect.orDie)
-                            if (persist)
+            if (!durable) return yield* Effect.void
+            const aggregateID = (event.data as Record<string, unknown>)[durable.aggregate]
+            if (typeof aggregateID !== "string")
+              return yield* Effect.die(
+                new InvalidDurableEventError({
+                  type: event.type,
+                  message: `Expected string aggregate field ${durable.aggregate}`,
+                }),
+              )
+            if (input && input.aggregateID !== aggregateID) {
+              yield* Effect.die(
+                new InvalidDurableEventError({
+                  type: event.type,
+                  message: `Aggregate mismatch: expected ${input.aggregateID}, got ${aggregateID}`,
+                }),
+              )
+            }
+            const list = projectors.get(versionedType(definition.type, durable.version)) ?? []
+            return yield* Effect.uninterruptible(
+              Effect.gen(function* () {
+                const committed = yield* db
+                  .transaction(
+                    () =>
+                      Effect.gen(function* () {
+                        const row = yield* db
+                          .select({ seq: EventSequenceTable.seq, ownerID: EventSequenceTable.owner_id })
+                          .from(EventSequenceTable)
+                          .where(eq(EventSequenceTable.aggregate_id, aggregateID))
+                          .get()
+                          .pipe(Effect.orDie)
+                        const latest = row?.seq ?? -1
+                        const encoded = Schema.encodeUnknownSync(definition.data)(event.data) as Record<string, unknown>
+                        if (input?.strictOwner && row?.ownerID && row.ownerID !== input.ownerID) {
+                          yield* Effect.die(
+                            new InvalidDurableEventError({
+                              type: event.type,
+                              message: `Replay owner mismatch for aggregate ${aggregateID}: expected ${row.ownerID}, got ${input.ownerID ?? "none"}`,
+                            }),
+                          )
+                        }
+                        if (input && input.seq <= latest) {
+                          if (!persist) return
+                          const stored = yield* db
+                            .select()
+                            .from(EventTable)
+                            .where(and(eq(EventTable.aggregate_id, aggregateID), eq(EventTable.seq, input.seq)))
+                            .get()
+                            .pipe(Effect.orDie)
+                          if (
+                            stored?.id === event.id &&
+                            stored.type === versionedType(definition.type, durable.version) &&
+                            stored.created === (event.created ?? 0) &&
+                            isDeepStrictEqual(stored.data, encoded)
+                          ) {
+                            if (input.ownerID && row?.ownerID == null) {
                               yield* db
-                                .insert(EventTable)
-                                .values([
-                                  {
-                                    id: event.id,
-                                    aggregate_id: aggregateID,
-                                    seq,
-                                    created: event.created ?? 0,
-                                    type: versionedType(definition.type, durable.version),
-                                    data: encoded,
-                                  },
-                                ])
+                                .update(EventSequenceTable)
+                                .set({ owner_id: input.ownerID })
+                                .where(eq(EventSequenceTable.aggregate_id, aggregateID))
                                 .run()
                                 .pipe(Effect.orDie)
-                            return { aggregateID, seq, event: committed, route }
-                          }),
-                        { behavior: "immediate" },
-                      )
-                      .pipe(Effect.orDie)
-                    if (committed) {
-                      committed.route()
-                      yield* Effect.forEach(
-                        pubsub.durable.get(committed.aggregateID) ?? [],
-                        (wake) => PubSub.publish(wake, undefined),
-                        { discard: true },
-                      )
-                    }
-                    return committed
-                  }),
-                )
-              }
-            }
+                            }
+                            return
+                          }
+                          yield* Effect.die(
+                            new InvalidDurableEventError({
+                              type: event.type,
+                              message: `Replay diverged at aggregate ${aggregateID} sequence ${input.seq}`,
+                            }),
+                          )
+                        }
+                        if (input && row?.ownerID && row.ownerID !== input.ownerID) {
+                          return
+                        }
+                        const seq = input?.seq ?? latest + 1
+                        if (input && seq !== latest + 1) {
+                          yield* Effect.die(
+                            new InvalidDurableEventError({
+                              type: event.type,
+                              message: `Sequence mismatch for aggregate ${aggregateID}: expected ${latest + 1}, got ${seq}`,
+                            }),
+                          )
+                        }
+                        if (persist) {
+                          const stored = yield* db
+                            .select({ aggregateID: EventTable.aggregate_id, seq: EventTable.seq })
+                            .from(EventTable)
+                            .where(eq(EventTable.id, event.id))
+                            .get()
+                            .pipe(Effect.orDie)
+                          if (stored)
+                            yield* Effect.die(
+                              new InvalidDurableEventError({
+                                type: event.type,
+                                message: `Event ${event.id} already exists at aggregate ${stored.aggregateID} sequence ${stored.seq}`,
+                              }),
+                            )
+                        }
+                        const committed = {
+                          ...event,
+                          durable: { aggregateID, seq, version: durable.version },
+                        } as Event.Payload
+                        const route = yield* prepareRoutes([committed])
+                        for (const projector of list) {
+                          yield* projector(committed)
+                        }
+                        if (commit) yield* commit(seq)
+                        yield* db
+                          .insert(EventSequenceTable)
+                          .values([{ aggregate_id: aggregateID, seq, owner_id: input?.ownerID }])
+                          .onConflictDoUpdate({
+                            target: EventSequenceTable.aggregate_id,
+                            set: {
+                              seq: sql`max(${EventSequenceTable.seq}, ${seq})`,
+                              ...(input?.ownerID && row?.ownerID == null ? { owner_id: input.ownerID } : {}),
+                            },
+                          })
+                          .run()
+                          .pipe(Effect.orDie)
+                        if (persist)
+                          yield* db
+                            .insert(EventTable)
+                            .values([
+                              {
+                                id: event.id,
+                                aggregate_id: aggregateID,
+                                seq,
+                                created: event.created ?? 0,
+                                type: versionedType(definition.type, durable.version),
+                                data: encoded,
+                              },
+                            ])
+                            .run()
+                            .pipe(Effect.orDie)
+                        return { aggregateID, seq, event: committed, route }
+                      }),
+                    { behavior: "immediate" },
+                  )
+                  .pipe(Effect.orDie)
+                if (committed) {
+                  committed.route()
+                  yield* Effect.forEach(
+                    pubsub.durable.get(committed.aggregateID) ?? [],
+                    (wake) => PubSub.publish(wake, undefined),
+                    { discard: true },
+                  )
+                }
+                return committed
+              }),
+            )
           })
         }
 

packages/core/src/config/file.ts

@@ -1,150 +0,0 @@
-export * as ConfigFile from "./file.js"
-
-import { isDeepStrictEqual } from "node:util"
-import { isRecord } from "@opencode-ai/ai/utils/record"
-import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/util/fs-util"
-import { Effect, Schema, Semaphore } from "effect"
-import {
-  applyEdits,
-  createScanner,
-  findNodeAtLocation,
-  modify,
-  parseTree,
-  type Node,
-  type ParseError,
-} from "jsonc-parser"
-
-export class UpdateError extends Schema.TaggedError<UpdateError>()("ConfigFile.UpdateError", {
-  message: Schema.String,
-  cause: Schema.optional(Schema.Defect()),
-}) {}
-
-const isJson = Schema.is(Schema.MutableJson)
-const isDocument = (value: unknown): value is Schema.MutableJsonObject => isRecord(value) && isJson(value)
-const lock = Semaphore.makeUnsafe(1)
-
-/**
- * Edits an existing JSON(C) file using raw source values, not resolved Config.Info.
- * The synchronous callback mutates a source clone; its return value is ignored.
- * Validates JSON only; normalization and substitution remain the reader's job.
- * Does not discover files, start watchers, or refresh Config state.
- * Read-modify-write calls are serialized within this process.
- */
-export const update = Effect.fn("ConfigFile.update")(
-  function* (
-    filepath: string,
-    mutate: (draft: Schema.MutableJsonObject) => void,
-  ): Effect.fn.Return<Schema.JsonObject, UpdateError, FSUtil.Service> {
-    const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
-    const text = yield* fs
-      .readFileString(filepath)
-      .pipe(Effect.mapError((cause) => new UpdateError({ message: `Failed to read config: ${filepath}`, cause })))
-    const errors: ParseError[] = []
-    const current = parseSource(text, errors)
-    if (errors.length || !isDocument(current))
-      return yield* Effect.fail(new UpdateError({ message: `Invalid config file: ${filepath}` }))
-
-    const next = yield* Effect.try({
-      try: () => {
-        const draft = structuredClone(current)
-        mutate(draft)
-        return draft
-      },
-      catch: (cause) => new UpdateError({ message: "Config update failed", cause }),
-    })
-    if (!isDocument(next))
-      return yield* Effect.fail(new UpdateError({ message: `Config update must produce a JSON object: ${filepath}` }))
-
-    const edits = changes(current, next)
-    if (!edits.length) return next
-    const updated = yield* Effect.try({
-      try: () => edits.reduce(patch, text),
-      catch: (cause) => new UpdateError({ message: `Failed to patch config: ${filepath}`, cause }),
-    })
-    // Duplicate keys can make parse choose the last value while modify edits the first.
-    const written = parseSource(updated, errors)
-    if (errors.length || !isDeepStrictEqual(written, next))
-      return yield* Effect.fail(
-        new UpdateError({ message: `Config patch does not match the requested update: ${filepath}` }),
-      )
-    const temporary = filepath + ".tmp"
-    yield* fs.writeFileString(temporary, updated.endsWith("\n") ? updated : updated + "\n").pipe(
-      Effect.andThen(fs.rename(temporary, filepath)),
-      Effect.mapError((cause) => new UpdateError({ message: `Failed to write config: ${filepath}`, cause })),
-    )
-    return next
-  },
-  (effect) => lock.withPermit(effect),
-)
-
-type Edit = { readonly path: (string | number)[]; readonly value: unknown }
-
-function parseSource(text: string, errors: ParseError[]) {
-  const root = parseTree(text, errors, { allowTrailingComma: true })
-  if (!root || errors.length) return undefined
-  // parse() assigns onto {}, invoking the __proto__ setter instead of retaining
-  // an own JSON key. Construct object entries from the AST without those setters.
-  const value = (node: Node): unknown => {
-    if (node.type === "array") return (node.children ?? []).map(value)
-    if (node.type === "object")
-      return Object.fromEntries(
-        (node.children ?? []).map((property) => {
-          const child = property.children?.[1]
-          return [property.children?.[0]?.value, child && value(child)]
-        }),
-      )
-    return node.value
-  }
-  return value(root)
-}
-
-function patch(text: string, edit: Edit) {
-  if (edit.value !== undefined)
-    return applyEdits(
-      text,
-      modify(text, edit.path, edit.value, { formattingOptions: { tabSize: 2, insertSpaces: true } }),
-    )
-
-  const tree = parseTree(text)
-  const node = tree && findNodeAtLocation(tree, edit.path)
-  if (!node) return text
-  // jsonc-parser removes adjacent comments along with the separator. Remove only
-  // the property/element itself and one comma, leaving surrounding comments intact.
-  const target = node.parent?.type === "property" ? node.parent : node
-  const siblings = target.parent?.children ?? []
-  const previous = siblings[siblings.indexOf(target) - 1]
-  const scanner = createScanner(text, true)
-  scanner.setPosition(target.offset + target.length)
-  scanner.scan()
-  const following = text[scanner.getTokenOffset()] === ","
-  if (!following && previous) {
-    scanner.setPosition(previous.offset + previous.length)
-    scanner.scan()
-  }
-  return applyEdits(text, [
-    { offset: target.offset, length: target.length, content: "" },
-    ...(following || previous ? [{ offset: scanner.getTokenOffset(), length: 1, content: "" }] : []),
-  ])
-}
-
-function changes(before: unknown, after: unknown, path: (string | number)[] = []): Edit[] {
-  if (isDeepStrictEqual(before, after)) return []
-  if (Array.isArray(before) && Array.isArray(after)) {
-    return [
-      ...after.flatMap((value, index) => changes(before[index], value, [...path, index])),
-      // Remove from the end so earlier deletions cannot shift later paths.
-      ...before
-        .slice(after.length)
-        .map((_, index) => ({ path: [...path, after.length + index], value: undefined }))
-        .toReversed(),
-    ]
-  }
-  if (isRecord(before) && isRecord(after)) {
-    return [...new Set([...Object.keys(before), ...Object.keys(after)])].flatMap((key) => {
-      if (!Object.hasOwn(after, key)) return [{ path: [...path, key], value: undefined }]
-      if (!Object.hasOwn(before, key)) return [{ path: [...path, key], value: after[key] }]
-      return changes(before[key], after[key], [...path, key])
-    })
-  }
-  return [{ path, value: after }]
-}

packages/core/src/config/plugin/reference.ts

@@ -20,14 +20,13 @@ export const Plugin = define({
     const global = yield* Global.Service
     const loaded = yield* ConfigEntryObserver.observe(config, ctx.event, ctx.reference.reload())
     yield* ctx.reference.transform((draft) => {
-      const entries = new Map<string, Reference.Source>()
       for (const doc of loaded.entries.filter((entry): entry is Document => entry.type === "document")) {
         const directory = doc.path ? path.dirname(doc.path) : location.directory
         for (const [name, entry] of Object.entries(doc.info.references ?? {})) {
           if (!validAlias(name)) continue
           const description = typeof entry === "string" ? undefined : entry.description
           const hidden = typeof entry === "string" ? undefined : entry.hidden
-          entries.set(
+          draft.add(
             name,
             local(entry)
               ? Reference.LocalSource.make({
@@ -48,7 +47,6 @@ export const Plugin = define({
           )
         }
       }
-      for (const [name, source] of entries) draft.add(name, source)
     })
   }),
 })

packages/core/src/database/sqlite.workerd.ts

@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ const nativeLayer = (config: Config) =>
     : Layer.effect(
         Sqlite.Native,
         Effect.die(
-          "workerd sqlite cannot open a database from a path; use Database.layerWith(sqliteLayer({ storage }))",
+          "workerd sqlite cannot open a database from a path; use Database.layerFromClient.pipe(Layer.provide(sqliteLayer({ storage })))",
         ),
       )
 

packages/core/src/database/v1-migration.bun.ts

@@ -275,22 +275,22 @@ export function transformSession(input: TransformInput): TransformResult {
       if (paired.has(item.row.id)) return []
       const owned = byMessage.get(item.row.id)?.map((part) => part.value) ?? []
       if (item.value.role === "user") {
-        const compaction = owned.find((part) => part.type === "compaction")
-        if (compaction?.type === "compaction") {
+        const compaction = owned.find((part): part is SessionV1.CompactionPart => part.type === "compaction")
+        if (compaction) {
           const pairedSummary = messages.find(
-            (candidate) =>
+            (candidate): candidate is (typeof messages)[number] & { value: SessionV1.Assistant } =>
               candidate.value.role === "assistant" &&
               candidate.value.parentID === item.row.id &&
-              candidate.value.summary,
+              candidate.value.summary === true,
           )
-          if (!pairedSummary || pairedSummary.value.role !== "assistant") return []
+          if (!pairedSummary) return []
           paired.add(pairedSummary.row.id)
           if (pairedSummary.value.error || pairedSummary.value.time.completed === undefined) return []
           const summary = pairedSummary
           const summaryText = (byMessage.get(summary.row.id) ?? [])
             .map((part) => part.value)
-            .filter((part) => part.type === "text" && part.text.length > 0)
-            .map((part) => (part.type === "text" ? part.text : ""))
+            .filter((part): part is SessionV1.TextPart => part.type === "text" && part.text.length > 0)
+            .map((part) => part.text)
             .join("\n\n")
           const tailIndex = compaction.tail_start_id
             ? messages.findIndex((candidate) => candidate.row.id === compaction.tail_start_id)
@@ -313,16 +313,14 @@ export function transformSession(input: TransformInput): TransformResult {
           ]
         }
         const subtasks = owned.filter((part) => part.type === "subtask")
-        const visible = owned.filter((part) => part.type === "text" && !part.ignored)
-        const files = owned.filter((part) => part.type === "file")
-        const agents = owned.filter((part) => part.type === "agent")
+        const visible = owned.filter((part): part is SessionV1.TextPart => part.type === "text" && !part.ignored)
+        const files = owned.filter((part): part is SessionV1.FilePart => part.type === "file")
+        const agents = owned.filter((part): part is SessionV1.AgentPart => part.type === "agent")
         if (subtasks.length > 0 && visible.length === 0 && files.length === 0 && agents.length === 0) return []
-        const ordinary = visible.filter((part) => part.type === "text" && !part.synthetic)
-        const synthetic = visible.filter((part) => part.type === "text" && part.synthetic)
-        const attachments = files.flatMap((part) => (part.type === "file" ? migrateFile(part) : []))
-        const unavailable = files.flatMap((part) =>
-          part.type === "file" && !part.url.startsWith("data:") ? [unavailableFile(part)] : [],
-        )
+        const ordinary = visible.filter((part) => !part.synthetic)
+        const synthetic = visible.filter((part) => part.synthetic)
+        const attachments = files.flatMap((part) => migrateFile(part))
+        const unavailable = files.flatMap((part) => (!part.url.startsWith("data:") ? [unavailableFile(part)] : []))
         const text = owned
           .flatMap((part) => {
             if (part.type === "text" && !part.ignored && !part.synthetic) return [part.text]
@@ -330,16 +328,12 @@ export function transformSession(input: TransformInput): TransformResult {
             return []
           })
           .join("\n\n")
-        const agentAttachments = agents.map((part) =>
-          part.type === "agent"
-            ? {
-                name: part.name,
-                ...(part.source
-                  ? { mention: { text: part.source.value, start: part.source.start, end: part.source.end } }
-                  : {}),
-              }
-            : { name: "" },
-        )
+        const agentAttachments = agents.map((part) => ({
+          name: part.name,
+          ...(part.source
+            ? { mention: { text: part.source.value, start: part.source.start, end: part.source.end } }
+            : {}),
+        }))
         if (
           ordinary.length === 0 &&
           unavailable.length === 0 &&
@@ -351,7 +345,7 @@ export function transformSession(input: TransformInput): TransformResult {
             row(item.row, {
               id: item.row.id,
               type: "synthetic",
-              text: synthetic.map((part) => (part.type === "text" ? part.text : "")).join("\n\n"),
+              text: synthetic.map((part) => part.text).join("\n\n"),
               time: { created: item.row.time_created },
             }),
           ]
@@ -369,7 +363,7 @@ export function transformSession(input: TransformInput): TransformResult {
           row(item.row, {
             id: syntheticID(item.row.id, used),
             type: "synthetic",
-            text: synthetic.map((part) => (part.type === "text" ? part.text : "")).join("\n\n"),
+            text: synthetic.map((part) => part.text).join("\n\n"),
             time: { created: item.row.time_created },
           }),
         ]
@@ -443,7 +437,6 @@ export function transformSession(input: TransformInput): TransformResult {
     })
     .map((item, seq) => ({ ...item, seq }))
   const assistants = messages
-    .filter((item) => item.value.role === "assistant")
     .map((item) => item.value)
     .filter((item): item is SessionV1.Assistant => item.role === "assistant")
   const latestUser = messages.findLast((item) => {
@@ -488,7 +481,7 @@ export function status(): Effect.Effect<Status, never, Database.Service> {
     if (runtimeState.status === "error") return runtimeState
     if (state?.phase === "completed") return { status: "completed" as const }
     return { status: "required" as const }
-  }).pipe(Effect.orDie)
+  })
 }
 
 export const layer = Layer.effectDiscard(
@@ -528,76 +521,75 @@ export function run(options: Options = {}): Effect.Effect<RunResult, never, Data
       const state = yield* readState(db)
       if (state?.phase === "completed") return { status: "completed" as const }
       if (!(yield* hasLegacySessions(db))) return { status: "completed" as const }
-      const migrate = Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const now = Date.now()
-        yield* db.run(sql`
+      const now = Date.now()
+      yield* db.run(sql`
           INSERT OR IGNORE INTO project (id, worktree, time_created, time_updated, sandboxes)
           VALUES (${Project.ID.global}, ${path.parse(global.data).root}, ${now}, ${now}, '[]')
         `)
-        if (state === undefined)
-          yield* db
-            .transaction((tx) =>
-              Effect.gen(function* () {
-                while (true) {
-                  yield* tx.run(sql`
+      if (state === undefined)
+        yield* db
+          .transaction((tx) =>
+            Effect.gen(function* () {
+              while (true) {
+                yield* tx.run(sql`
                     DELETE FROM event
                     WHERE rowid IN (SELECT rowid FROM event LIMIT ${EVENT_DELETE_BATCH_SIZE})
                   `)
-                  const deleted = (yield* tx.get<{ value: number }>(sql`SELECT changes() AS value`))?.value ?? 0
-                  if (deleted < EVENT_DELETE_BATCH_SIZE) break
-                  yield* Effect.yieldNow
-                }
-                yield* tx
-                  .insert(KVTable)
-                  .values({ key: MIGRATION_STATE_KEY, value: { phase: "sessions" } })
-                  .run()
-              }),
-            )
-            .pipe(Effect.orDie)
-        const sourceTotal = yield* countNextSessions(nextPath(options, global.data))
-        const legacyTotal = (yield* db.get<{ value: number }>(sql`SELECT COUNT(*) AS value FROM session`))?.value ?? 0
-        const cursor = state?.phase === "sessions" ? state.cursor : undefined
-        const migrated =
-          cursor !== undefined
-            ? ((yield* db.get<{ value: number }>(sql`SELECT COUNT(*) AS value FROM session WHERE id >= ${cursor}`))
-                ?.value ?? 0)
-            : 0
-        const denominator = sourceTotal + legacyTotal
-        updateProgress({ label: "Migrating sessions", numerator: migrated, denominator })
-        yield* importNextDatabase(db, nextPath(options, global.data), (completed) => {
-          updateProgress({ label: "Migrating sessions", numerator: migrated + completed, denominator })
-        })
-        updateProgress({ label: "Migrating sessions", numerator: migrated + sourceTotal, denominator })
-        const projects = new Set(
-          (yield* db.all<{ id: string }>(sql`SELECT id FROM project`)).map((project) => project.id),
-        )
-        while (true) {
-          const state = yield* readState(db)
-          const cursorValue = state?.phase === "sessions" ? state.cursor : undefined
-          const nextID = yield* db.get<{ id: string; project_id: string }>(
-            cursorValue === undefined
-              ? sql`SELECT id, project_id FROM session ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 1`
-              : sql`SELECT id, project_id FROM session WHERE id < ${cursorValue} ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 1`,
+                const deleted = (yield* tx.get<{ value: number }>(sql`SELECT changes() AS value`))?.value ?? 0
+                if (deleted < EVENT_DELETE_BATCH_SIZE) break
+                yield* Effect.yieldNow
+              }
+              yield* tx
+                .insert(KVTable)
+                .values({ key: MIGRATION_STATE_KEY, value: { phase: "sessions" } })
+                .run()
+            }),
           )
-          if (!nextID) break
-          yield* db
-            .transaction((tx) =>
-              Effect.gen(function* () {
-                yield* tx
-                  .insert(KVTable)
-                  .values({ key: MIGRATION_STATE_KEY, value: { phase: "sessions", cursor: nextID.id } })
-                  .onConflictDoUpdate({
-                    target: KVTable.key,
-                    set: { value: { phase: "sessions", cursor: nextID.id }, time_updated: Date.now() },
-                  })
-                  .run()
-                const projectID = projects.has(nextID.project_id) ? nextID.project_id : Project.ID.global
-                if (projectID !== nextID.project_id)
-                  yield* Effect.logWarning("Reassigned V1 session with missing project", {
-                    sessionID: nextID.id,
-                    projectID: nextID.project_id,
-                  })
-                yield* tx.run(sql`
+          .pipe(Effect.orDie)
+      const sourceTotal = yield* countNextSessions(nextPath(options, global.data))
+      const legacyTotal = (yield* db.get<{ value: number }>(sql`SELECT COUNT(*) AS value FROM session`))?.value ?? 0
+      const cursor = state?.phase === "sessions" ? state.cursor : undefined
+      const migrated =
+        cursor !== undefined
+          ? ((yield* db.get<{ value: number }>(sql`SELECT COUNT(*) AS value FROM session WHERE id >= ${cursor}`))
+              ?.value ?? 0)
+          : 0
+      const denominator = sourceTotal + legacyTotal
+      updateProgress({ label: "Migrating sessions", numerator: migrated, denominator })
+      yield* importNextDatabase(db, nextPath(options, global.data), (completed) => {
+        updateProgress({ label: "Migrating sessions", numerator: migrated + completed, denominator })
+      })
+      updateProgress({ label: "Migrating sessions", numerator: migrated + sourceTotal, denominator })
+      const projects = new Set(
+        (yield* db.all<{ id: string }>(sql`SELECT id FROM project`)).map((project) => project.id),
+      )
+      while (true) {
+        const state = yield* readState(db)
+        const cursorValue = state?.phase === "sessions" ? state.cursor : undefined
+        const nextID = yield* db.get<{ id: string; project_id: string }>(
+          cursorValue === undefined
+            ? sql`SELECT id, project_id FROM session ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 1`
+            : sql`SELECT id, project_id FROM session WHERE id < ${cursorValue} ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 1`,
+        )
+        if (!nextID) break
+        yield* db
+          .transaction((tx) =>
+            Effect.gen(function* () {
+              yield* tx
+                .insert(KVTable)
+                .values({ key: MIGRATION_STATE_KEY, value: { phase: "sessions", cursor: nextID.id } })
+                .onConflictDoUpdate({
+                  target: KVTable.key,
+                  set: { value: { phase: "sessions", cursor: nextID.id }, time_updated: Date.now() },
+                })
+                .run()
+              const projectID = projects.has(nextID.project_id) ? nextID.project_id : Project.ID.global
+              if (projectID !== nextID.project_id)
+                yield* Effect.logWarning("Reassigned V1 session with missing project", {
+                  sessionID: nextID.id,
+                  projectID: nextID.project_id,
+                })
+              yield* tx.run(sql`
                   INSERT OR IGNORE INTO session_v2 (
                     id, project_id, workspace_id, parent_id, slug, directory, path, title, version, share_url,
                     summary_additions, summary_deletions, summary_files, summary_diffs, metadata, cost,
@@ -612,81 +604,79 @@ export function run(options: Options = {}): Effect.Effect<RunResult, never, Data
                   FROM session
                   WHERE id = ${nextID.id}
                 `)
-                const next = yield* tx
-                  .select()
-                  .from(SessionTable)
-                  .where(eq(SessionTable.id, SessionSchema.ID.make(nextID.id)))
-                  .get()
-                if (!next) return yield* Effect.die(new Error(`Failed to copy V1 session ${nextID.id}`))
-                const sourceMessages = yield* tx.all<SourceMessage>(
-                  sql`SELECT id, session_id, time_created, time_updated, data FROM message WHERE session_id = ${next.id}`,
-                )
-                const sourceParts = yield* tx.all<SourcePart>(
-                  sql`SELECT id, message_id, session_id, time_created, time_updated, data FROM part WHERE session_id = ${next.id}`,
-                )
-                const transformed = transformSession({ session: next, messages: sourceMessages, parts: sourceParts })
-                yield* Effect.forEach(transformed.warnings, (warning) =>
-                  Effect.logWarning("Skipped V1 migration row", warning),
-                )
-                yield* tx.delete(SessionMessageTable).where(eq(SessionMessageTable.session_id, next.id)).run()
-                yield* Effect.forEach(transformed.messages, (message) =>
-                  tx
-                    .insert(SessionMessageTable)
-                    .values({
-                      id: SessionMessage.ID.make(message.id),
-                      session_id: SessionSchema.ID.make(message.session_id),
-                      type: message.type,
-                      seq: message.seq,
-                      time_created: message.time_created,
-                      time_updated: message.time_updated,
-                      data: sql`${JSON.stringify(message.data)}`,
-                    })
-                    .run(),
-                )
-                yield* tx
-                  .update(SessionTable)
-                  .set({ ...transformed.session, time_updated: next.time_updated })
-                  .where(eq(SessionTable.id, next.id))
-                  .run()
-                yield* tx
-                  .insert(EventSequenceTable)
-                  .values({ aggregate_id: next.id, seq: transformed.watermark })
-                  .onConflictDoUpdate({
-                    target: EventSequenceTable.aggregate_id,
-                    set: { seq: transformed.watermark, owner_id: null },
+              const next = yield* tx
+                .select()
+                .from(SessionTable)
+                .where(eq(SessionTable.id, SessionSchema.ID.make(nextID.id)))
+                .get()
+              if (!next) return yield* Effect.die(new Error(`Failed to copy V1 session ${nextID.id}`))
+              const sourceMessages = yield* tx.all<SourceMessage>(
+                sql`SELECT id, session_id, time_created, time_updated, data FROM message WHERE session_id = ${next.id}`,
+              )
+              const sourceParts = yield* tx.all<SourcePart>(
+                sql`SELECT id, message_id, session_id, time_created, time_updated, data FROM part WHERE session_id = ${next.id}`,
+              )
+              const transformed = transformSession({ session: next, messages: sourceMessages, parts: sourceParts })
+              yield* Effect.forEach(transformed.warnings, (warning) =>
+                Effect.logWarning("Skipped V1 migration row", warning),
+              )
+              yield* tx.delete(SessionMessageTable).where(eq(SessionMessageTable.session_id, next.id)).run()
+              yield* Effect.forEach(transformed.messages, (message) =>
+                tx
+                  .insert(SessionMessageTable)
+                  .values({
+                    id: SessionMessage.ID.make(message.id),
+                    session_id: SessionSchema.ID.make(message.session_id),
+                    type: message.type,
+                    seq: message.seq,
+                    time_created: message.time_created,
+                    time_updated: message.time_updated,
+                    data: sql`${JSON.stringify(message.data)}`,
                   })
-                  .run()
-              }),
-            )
-            .pipe(Effect.orDie)
-          if (runtimeState.status === "running")
-            runtimeState = {
-              status: "running",
-              progress: {
-                label: "Migrating sessions",
-                numerator: (runtimeState.progress.numerator ?? 0) + 1,
-                denominator,
-              },
-            }
-          yield* Effect.yieldNow
-        }
-        yield* db
-          .transaction((tx) =>
-            Effect.gen(function* () {
+                  .run(),
+              )
               yield* tx
-                .insert(KVTable)
-                .values({ key: MIGRATION_STATE_KEY, value: { phase: "completed" } })
+                .update(SessionTable)
+                .set({ ...transformed.session, time_updated: next.time_updated })
+                .where(eq(SessionTable.id, next.id))
+                .run()
+              yield* tx
+                .insert(EventSequenceTable)
+                .values({ aggregate_id: next.id, seq: transformed.watermark })
                 .onConflictDoUpdate({
-                  target: KVTable.key,
-                  set: { value: { phase: "completed" }, time_updated: Date.now() },
+                  target: EventSequenceTable.aggregate_id,
+                  set: { seq: transformed.watermark, owner_id: null },
                 })
                 .run()
             }),
           )
           .pipe(Effect.orDie)
-        return { status: "completed" as const }
-      })
-      return yield* migrate
+        if (runtimeState.status === "running")
+          runtimeState = {
+            status: "running",
+            progress: {
+              label: "Migrating sessions",
+              numerator: (runtimeState.progress.numerator ?? 0) + 1,
+              denominator,
+            },
+          }
+        yield* Effect.yieldNow
+      }
+      yield* db
+        .transaction((tx) =>
+          Effect.gen(function* () {
+            yield* tx
+              .insert(KVTable)
+              .values({ key: MIGRATION_STATE_KEY, value: { phase: "completed" } })
+              .onConflictDoUpdate({
+                target: KVTable.key,
+                set: { value: { phase: "completed" }, time_updated: Date.now() },
+              })
+              .run()
+          }),
+        )
+        .pipe(Effect.orDie)
+      return { status: "completed" as const }
     }).pipe(Effect.orDie),
   )
 }
@@ -715,7 +705,7 @@ function countNextSessions(sourcePath: string | undefined) {
       if (!isNextDatabase(source)) return 0
       return source.query<{ value: number }, []>("SELECT COUNT(*) AS value FROM session").get()?.value ?? 0
     }),
-  ).pipe(Effect.orElseSucceed(() => 0))
+  )
 }
 
 function importNextDatabase(

packages/core/src/environment/memory.ts

@@ -61,21 +61,23 @@ export const makeMemoryDriver = (): MemoryDriver => {
   }
   const failed = (value: string, cause: unknown) => new Failed({ path: value, cause })
   const overrides: FilesImpl = {
-    stat: (value) => {
-      const node = lookup(value)
-      return node ? Effect.succeed(info(node)) : Effect.fail(new NotFound({ path: value }))
-    },
-    read: (value, range) => {
-      const original = lookup(value)
-      if (!original) return Effect.fail(new NotFound({ path: value }))
-      if (original.type === "directory") return Effect.fail(new WrongKind({ path: value, actual: "directory" }))
-      const resolved = resolveKey(value, true)
-      const node = resolved === undefined ? undefined : nodes.get(resolved)
-      if (!node) return Effect.fail(new NotFound({ path: value }))
-      if (node.type !== "file") return Effect.fail(new WrongKind({ path: value, actual: node.type }))
-      const bytes = range === undefined ? node.bytes : node.bytes.subarray(range.offset, range.offset + range.length)
-      return Effect.succeed({ info: info(node), bytes: bytes.slice() })
-    },
+    stat: (value) =>
+      Effect.suspend(() => {
+        const node = lookup(value)
+        return node ? Effect.succeed(info(node)) : Effect.fail(new NotFound({ path: value }))
+      }),
+    read: (value, range) =>
+      Effect.gen(function* () {
+        const original = lookup(value)
+        if (!original) return yield* new NotFound({ path: value })
+        if (original.type === "directory") return yield* new WrongKind({ path: value, actual: "directory" })
+        const resolved = resolveKey(value, true)
+        const node = resolved === undefined ? undefined : nodes.get(resolved)
+        if (!node) return yield* new NotFound({ path: value })
+        if (node.type !== "file") return yield* new WrongKind({ path: value, actual: node.type })
+        const bytes = range === undefined ? node.bytes : node.bytes.subarray(range.offset, range.offset + range.length)
+        return { info: info(node), bytes: bytes.slice() }
+      }),
     write: (value, bytes) =>
       Effect.try({
         try: () => {
@@ -89,17 +91,17 @@ export const makeMemoryDriver = (): MemoryDriver => {
         },
         catch: (cause) => failed(value, cause),
       }),
-    list: (value) => {
-      const target = resolveKey(value, true) ?? key(value)
-      const node = nodes.get(target)
-      if (!node) return Effect.fail(new NotFound({ path: value }))
-      if (node.type !== "directory") return Effect.fail(new WrongKind({ path: value, actual: node.type }))
-      const entries = [...nodes.entries()]
-        .filter(([entry]) => entry !== target && path.posix.dirname(entry) === target)
-        .map(([entry, child]) => ({ name: path.posix.basename(entry), type: child.type satisfies FileType }))
-        .sort((a, b) => a.name.localeCompare(b.name))
-      return Effect.succeed(entries)
-    },
+    list: (value) =>
+      Effect.gen(function* () {
+        const target = resolveKey(value, true) ?? key(value)
+        const node = nodes.get(target)
+        if (!node) return yield* new NotFound({ path: value })
+        if (node.type !== "directory") return yield* new WrongKind({ path: value, actual: node.type })
+        return [...nodes.entries()]
+          .filter(([entry]) => entry !== target && path.posix.dirname(entry) === target)
+          .map(([entry, child]) => ({ name: path.posix.basename(entry), type: child.type satisfies FileType }))
+          .sort((a, b) => a.name.localeCompare(b.name))
+      }),
     remove: (value) =>
       Effect.sync(() => {
         const target = resolveKey(value, false) ?? key(value)
@@ -107,32 +109,33 @@ export const makeMemoryDriver = (): MemoryDriver => {
           if (entry === target || entry.startsWith(`${target}/`)) nodes.delete(entry)
         }
       }),
-    move: (from, to) => {
-      const source = resolveKey(from, false) ?? key(from)
-      const node = nodes.get(source)
-      if (!node) return Effect.fail(new NotFound({ path: from }))
-      return Effect.try({
-        try: () => {
-          const requested = resolveKey(to, false) ?? key(to)
-          const destination =
-            nodes.get(requested)?.type === "directory"
-              ? path.posix.join(requested, path.posix.basename(source))
-              : requested
-          if (node.type === "directory" && destination.startsWith(`${source}/`)) {
-            throw new Error(`Cannot move a directory into itself: ${from}`)
-          }
-          const existing = nodes.get(destination)
-          if (node.type === "directory" && existing && existing.type !== "directory") {
-            throw new Error(`Cannot overwrite a non-directory with a directory: ${to}`)
-          }
-          requireParent(destination)
-          const moved = [...nodes.entries()].filter(([entry]) => entry === source || entry.startsWith(`${source}/`))
-          for (const [entry] of moved) nodes.delete(entry)
-          for (const [entry, child] of moved) nodes.set(`${destination}${entry.slice(source.length)}`, child)
-        },
-        catch: (cause) => failed(from, cause),
-      })
-    },
+    move: (from, to) =>
+      Effect.gen(function* () {
+        const source = resolveKey(from, false) ?? key(from)
+        const node = nodes.get(source)
+        if (!node) return yield* new NotFound({ path: from })
+        yield* Effect.try({
+          try: () => {
+            const requested = resolveKey(to, false) ?? key(to)
+            const destination =
+              nodes.get(requested)?.type === "directory"
+                ? path.posix.join(requested, path.posix.basename(source))
+                : requested
+            if (node.type === "directory" && destination.startsWith(`${source}/`)) {
+              throw new Error(`Cannot move a directory into itself: ${from}`)
+            }
+            const existing = nodes.get(destination)
+            if (node.type === "directory" && existing && existing.type !== "directory") {
+              throw new Error(`Cannot overwrite a non-directory with a directory: ${to}`)
+            }
+            requireParent(destination)
+            const moved = [...nodes.entries()].filter(([entry]) => entry === source || entry.startsWith(`${source}/`))
+            for (const [entry] of moved) nodes.delete(entry)
+            for (const [entry, child] of moved) nodes.set(`${destination}${entry.slice(source.length)}`, child)
+          },
+          catch: (cause) => failed(from, cause),
+        })
+      }),
     mkdir: (value) => Effect.try({ try: () => mkdirSync(value), catch: (cause) => failed(value, cause) }),
   }
 

packages/core/src/file-mutation.ts

@@ -62,9 +62,8 @@ export const syncTextBom = Effect.fn("FileMutation.syncTextBom")(function* (
 const transactionLocks = KeyedMutex.makeUnsafe<string>()
 
 /**
- * Serialize file changes by absolute target. Conditional writes compare and
- * write under the same process-local lock so cooperating OpenCode mutations do
- * not overwrite changes made from the same stale content.
+ * Mutation locking is process-local and serializes cooperating OpenCode
+ * changes; external writes can still race.
  */
 const layer = Layer.effect(
   Service,
@@ -129,7 +128,6 @@ export const node = makeLocationNode({ service: Service, layer, deps: [Environme
 /**
  * Deferred until the corresponding integrations exist.
  */
-// TODO: Add formatter integration after formatter runtime exists.
 // TODO: Publish watcher/file-edit events after watcher integration exists.
 // TODO: Add snapshots / undo after snapshot design exists.
 // TODO: Notify LSP and collect diagnostics after LSP runtime exists.

packages/core/src/image/photon.ts

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { Effect } from "effect"
 import path from "node:path"
 import { fileURLToPath } from "node:url"
 import { FileSystem } from "../filesystem.js"
-import { DecodeError, ResizerUnavailableError, SizeError } from "../image.js"
+import { DecodeError, ResizerUnavailableError, SizeError, type Limits } from "../image.js"
 
 const JPEG_QUALITIES = [80, 85, 70, 55, 40]
 
@@ -33,12 +33,7 @@ export const make = Effect.gen(function* () {
   return Effect.fn("Image.Photon.normalize")(function* (
     resource: string,
     content: FileSystem.Content & { readonly encoding: "base64" },
-    limits: {
-      readonly autoResize: boolean
-      readonly maxWidth: number
-      readonly maxHeight: number
-      readonly maxBase64Bytes: number
-    },
+    limits: Readonly<Limits>,
   ) {
     const photon = yield* loadPhoton
     const decoded = yield* Effect.try({

packages/core/src/persistent-pty/index.ts

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import os from "node:os"
 import path from "node:path"
 import { Context, Effect, Layer, Schema } from "effect"
 import { makeGlobalNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/app-node"
-import { Added, Handoff, ReadLines, Removed, type ReadResult } from "@opencode-ai/schema/persistent-pty"
+import { Added, Handoff, PersistentPty, ReadLines, Removed, type ReadResult } from "@opencode-ai/schema/persistent-pty"
 import { Session } from "@opencode-ai/schema/session"
 import { Bus } from "../bus.js"
 import { Pty } from "@opencode-ai/schema/pty"
@@ -26,19 +26,9 @@ export { Handoff } from "@opencode-ai/schema/persistent-pty"
 export const Options = Schema.Struct({ handoff: Schema.optional(Handoff) })
 export type Options = typeof Options.Type
 
-export type Info = Pty.Info & {
-  readonly sessionID: Session.ID
-  readonly foregroundProcess: string | null
-  readonly size: { readonly cols: number; readonly rows: number }
-  readonly output: { readonly head: number; readonly tail: number }
-}
+export type Info = PersistentPty.Info
 
-export type Snapshot = {
-  readonly info: Info
-  readonly text: string
-  readonly checkpoint: Uint8Array
-  readonly cursor: { readonly x: number; readonly y: number }
-}
+export type Snapshot = PersistentPty.Snapshot
 
 export type Attachment = {
   readonly info: Info
@@ -161,15 +151,7 @@ export const configured = (options: Options = {}) =>
 
       const create = Effect.fn("PersistentPty.create")(function* (
         sessionID: Session.ID,
-        input: {
-          readonly command?: string
-          readonly args: readonly string[]
-          readonly cwd?: string
-          readonly title: string
-          readonly env: Readonly<Record<string, string>>
-          readonly cols?: number
-          readonly rows?: number
-        },
+        input: Parameters<Interface["create"]>[1],
       ) {
         const response = yield* request(
           daemon,
@@ -338,14 +320,7 @@ export const configured = (options: Options = {}) =>
 
       const attach = Effect.fn("PersistentPty.attach")(function* (
         id: Pty.ID,
-        input: {
-          readonly cursor: number
-          readonly attachmentID: string
-          readonly role: Role
-          readonly takeover?: boolean
-          readonly onEvent: (event: StreamEvent) => void
-          readonly onEnd: () => void
-        },
+        input: Parameters<Interface["attach"]>[1],
       ) {
         yield* get(id)
         const attachment = yield* daemon

packages/core/src/plugin/provider.ts

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import { GoogleVertexPlugin } from "./provider/google-vertex.js"
 import { KiloPlugin } from "./provider/kilo.js"
 import { LLMGatewayPlugin } from "./provider/llmgateway.js"
 import { LMStudioPlugin } from "./provider/lmstudio.js"
+import { MergeGatewayPlugin } from "./provider/merge-gateway.js"
 import { MistralPlugin } from "./provider/mistral.js"
 import { NvidiaPlugin } from "./provider/nvidia.js"
 import { OllamaPlugin } from "./provider/ollama.js"
@@ -47,6 +48,7 @@ export const ProviderPlugins: PluginInternal.InternalPlugin[] = [
   KiloPlugin,
   LLMGatewayPlugin,
   LMStudioPlugin,
+  MergeGatewayPlugin,
   MistralPlugin,
   NvidiaPlugin,
   OllamaPlugin,

packages/core/src/plugin/provider/merge-gateway.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+import { Effect } from "effect"
+import { define } from "@opencode-ai/plugin/effect/plugin"
+import { Provider } from "../../provider.js"
+
+export const MergeGatewayPlugin = define({
+  id: "opencode.provider.merge-gateway",
+  effect: Effect.fn(function* (ctx) {
+    yield* ctx.catalog.transform((evt) => {
+      for (const item of evt.provider.list()) {
+        const merge = Provider.packageName(item.provider.package) === "merge-gateway-ai-sdk-provider"
+        for (const model of item.models.values()) {
+          if (Provider.packageName(model.package ?? item.provider.package) !== "merge-gateway-ai-sdk-provider") {
+            if (merge)
+              evt.model.update(model.providerID, model.id, (model) => {
+                model.settings = Provider.mergeOverlay(item.provider.settings, model.settings)
+              })
+            continue
+          }
+          evt.model.update(model.providerID, model.id, (model) => {
+            if (model.package) model.package = "@opencode-ai/ai/providers/openai-compatible"
+            model.settings = {
+              ...(!merge ? { baseURL: "https://api-gateway.merge.dev/v1/ai-sdk", provider: model.providerID } : {}),
+              ...settings(merge ? model.settings : Provider.mergeOverlay(item.provider.settings, model.settings)),
+            }
+            // Merge uses `thinking` instead of the usual OpenAI-compatible reasoning fields.
+            // models.dev tracks upstream models, not these gateway-specific compatibility defaults.
+            model.compatibility = {
+              ...model.compatibility,
+              reasoningField: "thinking",
+              maxTokensField: "max_tokens",
+              requireReasoning: false,
+            }
+          })
+        }
+        if (!merge) continue
+        evt.provider.update(item.provider.id, (provider) => {
+          provider.package = "@opencode-ai/ai/providers/openai-compatible"
+          provider.settings = {
+            baseURL: "https://api-gateway.merge.dev/v1/ai-sdk",
+            provider: provider.id,
+            ...settings(provider.settings),
+          }
+        })
+      }
+    })
+  }),
+})
+
+function settings(input: Readonly<Record<string, unknown>> = {}) {
+  const options = Object.fromEntries(Object.entries(input).filter(([key]) => key !== "apiKey" && key !== "baseURL"))
+  return {
+    ...(typeof input.apiKey === "string" ? { apiKey: input.apiKey } : {}),
+    ...(typeof input.baseURL === "string" ? { baseURL: input.baseURL } : {}),
+    ...(Object.keys(options).length ? { providerOptions: options } : {}),
+  }
+}

packages/core/src/project.ts

@@ -137,11 +137,10 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
           strategy: project.vcs.type === "git" ? "git" : undefined,
         })
       // A missing directory row means this directory's resolution is a new durable
-      // fact (copy.ts registers copy directories directly; those never strand
-      // sessions and never announce). The row insert commits atomically with the
-      // event, so a crash between checks retries on the next resolve instead of
-      // stranding the announcement. The in-flight set keeps concurrent resolves
-      // from publishing the same fact twice.
+      // fact. The row insert commits atomically with the event, so a crash between
+      // checks retries on the next resolve instead of stranding the announcement.
+      // The in-flight set keeps concurrent resolves from publishing the same fact
+      // twice.
       for (const item of directories) {
         const key = item.projectID + "\u0000" + item.directory
         if (announcing.has(key)) continue

packages/core/src/session/compaction.ts

@@ -393,26 +393,27 @@ export const layer = Layer.effect(
           error: { type: "compaction.unavailable", message: "Nothing to compact yet" },
           inputID: input.inputID,
         })
-      const resolved = yield* input.resolveModel(input.session).pipe(
-        Effect.catch((cause) =>
-          failed({
-            sessionID: input.session.id,
-            reason: "manual",
-            error: toSessionError(cause),
-            inputID: input.inputID,
-          }),
-        ),
+      return yield* input.resolveModel(input.session).pipe(
+        Effect.matchEffect({
+          onFailure: (cause) =>
+            failed({
+              sessionID: input.session.id,
+              reason: "manual",
+              error: toSessionError(cause),
+              inputID: input.inputID,
+            }),
+          onSuccess: (resolved) =>
+            execute({
+              session: input.session,
+              resolved,
+              prepare: input.prepare,
+              reason: "manual",
+              inputID: input.inputID,
+              started: input.started,
+              ...content,
+            }),
+        }),
       )
-      if ("status" in resolved) return resolved
-      return yield* execute({
-        session: input.session,
-        resolved,
-        prepare: input.prepare,
-        reason: "manual",
-        inputID: input.inputID,
-        started: input.started,
-        ...content,
-      })
     })
     return Service.of({
       transform: state.transform,

packages/core/src/session/instruction-entry.ts

@@ -131,11 +131,7 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
       return (yield* rows(sessionID, false)).map((row) => ({ key: row.key, value: row.value }))
     })
 
-    const put = Effect.fn("InstructionEntry.put")(function* (input: {
-      readonly sessionID: SessionSchema.ID
-      readonly key: Key
-      readonly value: Schema.Json
-    }) {
+    const put = Effect.fn("InstructionEntry.put")(function* (input: Parameters<Interface["put"]>[0]) {
       const actualBytes = Buffer.byteLength(JSON.stringify(input.value), "utf8")
       if (actualBytes > MaxValueBytes)
         yield* new ValueTooLargeError({
@@ -159,10 +155,7 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
         .pipe(Effect.orDie)
     })
 
-    const remove = Effect.fn("InstructionEntry.remove")(function* (input: {
-      readonly sessionID: SessionSchema.ID
-      readonly key: Key
-    }) {
+    const remove = Effect.fn("InstructionEntry.remove")(function* (input: Parameters<Interface["remove"]>[0]) {
       yield* db
         .update(InstructionEntryTable)
         .set({ value: null, removed: true, time_updated: Date.now() })

packages/core/src/session/instruction-state.ts

@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ export const commit = Effect.fn("InstructionState.commit")(function* (
   observation: Observation,
 ) {
   if (!observation.initial && Object.keys(observation.delta).length === 0) return
-  // The rendered text is frozen into the durable event: replaying it later would
-  // require the Location-scoped registry that produced it.
+  // The rendered text is frozen into the durable event because re-rendering it
+  // later would require the original Location-scoped instruction sources.
   const text = observation.initial ? "" : yield* renderUpdateText(db, instructions, observation)
   yield* bus.publish(
     SessionEvent.InstructionsUpdated,

packages/core/src/session/instructions.ts

@@ -43,10 +43,7 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
     // are re-discovered and re-injected instead of staying silently lost.
     const inFlight = yield* Ref.make<Map<SessionSchema.ID, Set<string>>>(new Map())
 
-    const load = Effect.fn("SessionInstructions.load")(function* (input: {
-      readonly sessionID: SessionSchema.ID
-      readonly paths: ReadonlyArray<string>
-    }) {
+    const load = Effect.fn("SessionInstructions.load")(function* (input: Parameters<Interface["load"]>[0]) {
       const claimed = yield* Ref.modify(inFlight, (map) => {
         const existing = map.get(input.sessionID) ?? new Set<string>()
         const newlyClaimed = input.paths.filter((path) => !existing.has(path))

packages/core/src/session/runner/llm.ts

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ import { SessionMessage } from "../message.js"
 import { SessionSchema } from "../schema.js"
 import { SessionStore } from "../store.js"
 import { SessionTitle } from "../title.js"
-import { DrainResult, Service, type Continuation } from "./index.js"
+import { DrainResult, Service, type Interface } from "./index.js"
 import { Snapshot } from "../../snapshot.js"
 import { makeLocationNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/app-node"
 import { llmClient } from "../../effect/app-node-platform.js"
@@ -44,12 +44,7 @@ const layer = Layer.effect(
     // Title generation starts once input is visible and must not delay model execution.
     const titles = yield* FiberMap.make<SessionSchema.ID, void, never>()
 
-    const drain = Effect.fn("SessionRunner.drain")(function* (input: {
-      readonly sessionID: SessionSchema.ID
-      readonly force: boolean
-      readonly continuation?: Continuation
-      readonly promotable?: SessionInbox.Promotable
-    }) {
+    const drain = Effect.fn("SessionRunner.drain")(function* (input: Parameters<Interface["drain"]>[0]) {
       const sessionID = input.sessionID
       let force = input.force
       let continuing = input.continuation !== undefined

packages/core/src/shell.ts

@@ -122,8 +122,8 @@ const layer = () =>
       const environments = yield* SessionEnvironment.Service
       const context = yield* Effect.context()
       const runFork = Effect.runForkWith(context)
-      const sessions = new Map<string, Active>()
-      const exitOrder: string[] = []
+      const commands = new Map<Shell.ID, Active>()
+      const exitOrder: Shell.ID[] = []
 
       const outputDir = path.join(global.data, DIRECTORY, location.project.id)
       const { mkdir, unlink } = yield* Effect.promise(() => import("fs/promises"))
@@ -132,44 +132,44 @@ const layer = () =>
 
       yield* Effect.addFinalizer(() =>
         Effect.gen(function* () {
-          for (const session of sessions.values()) {
-            if (session.timeoutFiber) yield* Fiber.interrupt(session.timeoutFiber)
+          for (const command of commands.values()) {
+            if (command.timeoutFiber) yield* Fiber.interrupt(command.timeoutFiber)
             // Teardown interrupts pending commands; it is not a terminal command failure.
-            yield* Deferred.interrupt(session.done)
+            yield* Deferred.interrupt(command.done)
           }
-          sessions.clear()
+          commands.clear()
           exitOrder.length = 0
         }),
       )
 
       const require = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (id: Shell.ID) {
-        const session = sessions.get(id)
-        if (!session) return yield* new NotFoundError({ id })
-        return session
+        const command = commands.get(id)
+        if (!command) return yield* new NotFoundError({ id })
+        return command
       })
 
-      const removeSession = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (id: Shell.ID) {
-        const session = sessions.get(id)
+      const removeCommand = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (id: Shell.ID) {
+        const command = commands.get(id)
         const index = exitOrder.indexOf(id)
         if (index !== -1) exitOrder.splice(index, 1)
-        if (!session) return
-        sessions.delete(id)
-        if (session.timeoutFiber) yield* Fiber.interrupt(session.timeoutFiber)
+        if (!command) return
+        commands.delete(id)
+        if (command.timeoutFiber) yield* Fiber.interrupt(command.timeoutFiber)
         // Unblock any wait still pending when the command is removed before it terminated.
-        yield* Deferred.fail(session.done, new NotFoundError({ id }))
-        yield* Effect.promise(() => unlink(session.file).catch(() => {}))
+        yield* Deferred.fail(command.done, new NotFoundError({ id }))
+        yield* Effect.promise(() => unlink(command.file).catch(() => {}))
         yield* bus.publish(Shell.Event.Deleted, { id })
       })
 
       const remove = Effect.fn("Shell.remove")(function* (id: Shell.ID) {
         yield* require(id)
-        yield* removeSession(id)
+        yield* removeCommand(id)
       })
 
       const list = Effect.fn("Shell.list")(function* () {
-        return Array.from(sessions.values())
-          .filter((session) => session.info.status === "running")
-          .map((session) => session.info)
+        return Array.from(commands.values())
+          .filter((command) => command.info.status === "running")
+          .map((command) => command.info)
       })
 
       const get = Effect.fn("Shell.get")(function* (id: Shell.ID) {
@@ -181,24 +181,24 @@ const layer = () =>
       })
 
       const timeout = Effect.fn("Shell.timeout")(function* (id: Shell.ID, duration: number) {
-        const session = yield* require(id)
-        if (session.info.status !== "running" || !session.timeout) return session.info
-        yield* session.timeout(duration)
-        return session.info
+        const command = yield* require(id)
+        if (command.info.status !== "running" || !command.timeout) return command.info
+        yield* command.timeout(duration)
+        return command.info
       })
 
       const output = Effect.fnUntraced(function* (id: Shell.ID, input?: Shell.OutputInput) {
-        const session = yield* require(id)
+        const command = yield* require(id)
         const cursor = input?.cursor ?? 0
         const limit = input?.limit ?? 65536
-        if (cursor >= session.size) return { output: "", cursor: session.size, size: session.size, truncated: false }
+        if (cursor >= command.size) return { output: "", cursor: command.size, size: command.size, truncated: false }
         const start = Math.max(0, cursor)
-        const length = Math.min(limit, session.size - start)
+        const length = Math.min(limit, command.size - start)
         const buffer = Buffer.alloc(length)
         const bytesRead = yield* Effect.promise(
           () =>
             new Promise<number>((resolve) => {
-              const stream = createReadStream(session.file, { start, end: start + length - 1 })
+              const stream = createReadStream(command.file, { start, end: start + length - 1 })
               let offset = 0
               stream.on("data", (chunk: string | Buffer) => {
                 const bytes = Buffer.from(chunk)
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ const layer = () =>
         return {
           output: buffer.subarray(0, bytesRead).toString("utf8"),
           cursor: start + bytesRead,
-          size: session.size,
+          size: command.size,
           truncated: false,
         }
       })
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ const layer = () =>
 
         // Spawn through the Environment and stream combined output to the file. The handle is scope-bound, so
         // the managing fiber keeps its scope open until the command terminates (it awaits `done` at the
-        // end). `create` returns once `ready` resolves with the registered session.
+        // end). `create` returns once `ready` resolves with the registered command.
         const ready = Deferred.makeUnsafe<Active, AppProcess.AppProcessError>()
         runFork(
           Effect.scoped(
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ const layer = () =>
                 .pipe(
                   Effect.mapError((cause) => new AppProcess.AppProcessError({ command: invocation.command, cause })),
                 )
-              const session: Active = {
+              const command: Active = {
                 info: produce(info, (draft) => {
                   draft.pid = handle.pid
                 }),
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ const layer = () =>
                 size: 0,
                 done: Deferred.makeUnsafe<Info, NotFoundError>(),
               }
-              sessions.set(id, session)
+              commands.set(id, command)
 
               const stream = createWriteStream(file)
               const outputDone = Latch.makeUnsafe()
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ const layer = () =>
                 Stream.runForEach((chunk: Uint8Array) =>
                   Effect.sync(() => {
                     stream.write(chunk)
-                    session.size += chunk.length
+                    command.size += chunk.length
                   }),
                 ),
               )
@@ -317,8 +317,8 @@ const layer = () =>
 
               const finish = (status: Info["status"], exit?: number, beforeWait = Effect.void) =>
                 Effect.gen(function* () {
-                  if (session.info.status !== "running") return
-                  session.info = produce(session.info, (draft) => {
+                  if (command.info.status !== "running") return
+                  command.info = produce(command.info, (draft) => {
                     draft.status = status
                     if (exit !== undefined) draft.exit = exit
                     draft.time.completed = Date.now()
@@ -326,10 +326,10 @@ const layer = () =>
                   yield* beforeWait
                   yield* outputDone.await
                   // Resolve waiters with the terminal Info before any retention eviction, so an evicted
-                  // session still reports success rather than the removal NotFoundError. This runs before
+                  // command still reports success rather than the removal NotFoundError. This runs before
                   // the timeout-fiber interrupt below, which on the timeout path would otherwise cancel
                   // this very fiber (finish is invoked by the timeout fiber) before waiters are resolved.
-                  yield* Deferred.succeed(session.done, session.info)
+                  yield* Deferred.succeed(command.done, command.info)
                   yield* bus.publish(Shell.Event.Exited, {
                     id,
                     ...(exit !== undefined ? { exit } : {}),
@@ -339,19 +339,19 @@ const layer = () =>
                   while (exitOrder.length > EXITED_LIMIT) {
                     const oldest = exitOrder[0]
                     if (!oldest) break
-                    yield* removeSession(Shell.ID.make(oldest))
+                    yield* removeCommand(oldest)
                   }
                   // Cancel a pending timeout once the command exits on its own. Interrupting last avoids
                   // aborting finish when finish itself runs on the timeout fiber.
-                  if (session.timeoutFiber) yield* Fiber.interrupt(session.timeoutFiber)
+                  if (command.timeoutFiber) yield* Fiber.interrupt(command.timeoutFiber)
                 })
 
-              session.timeout = (duration) =>
+              command.timeout = (duration) =>
                 Effect.gen(function* () {
-                  if (session.timeoutFiber) yield* Fiber.interrupt(session.timeoutFiber)
-                  session.timeoutFiber = undefined
-                  if (duration === 0 || session.info.status !== "running") return
-                  session.timeoutFiber = runFork(
+                  if (command.timeoutFiber) yield* Fiber.interrupt(command.timeoutFiber)
+                  command.timeoutFiber = undefined
+                  if (duration === 0 || command.info.status !== "running") return
+                  command.timeoutFiber = runFork(
                     Effect.sleep(Duration.millis(duration)).pipe(
                       Effect.flatMap(() =>
                         finish("timeout", undefined, handle.kill().pipe(Effect.catch(() => Effect.void))),
@@ -360,7 +360,7 @@ const layer = () =>
                   )
                 })
 
-              yield* session.timeout(invocation.timeout)
+              yield* command.timeout(invocation.timeout)
 
               runFork(
                 handle.exitCode.pipe(
@@ -370,16 +370,16 @@ const layer = () =>
               )
 
               yield* bus.publish(Shell.Event.Created, { info })
-              yield* Deferred.succeed(ready, session)
+              yield* Deferred.succeed(ready, command)
               // Hold the handle's scope open until the command terminates; closing it earlier would
               // release (kill) the process before its exit is observed.
-              yield* Deferred.await(session.done).pipe(Effect.catch(() => Effect.void))
+              yield* Deferred.await(command.done).pipe(Effect.catch(() => Effect.void))
             }),
           ).pipe(Effect.catchTag("AppProcessError", (error) => Deferred.fail(ready, error))),
         )
 
-        const session = yield* Deferred.await(ready)
-        return session.info
+        const command = yield* Deferred.await(ready)
+        return command.info
       })
 
       return Service.of({ create, list, get, wait, timeout, output, remove })

packages/core/src/tool/AGENTS.md

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 - Plugin authors get schema-derived input types at the `ToolDraft.add` boundary through `Tool`.
 - The heterogeneous Core registry deliberately erases registered definitions to `Tool.Info`. Use `any` at this internal boundary; do not replace it with `unknown`, JSON-value plumbing, casts, or compiled wrapper types solely to preserve type safety after registration.
 - Executors return model content and metadata alongside declared machine output. Shipped built-ins and plugin tools use the same runtime shape after registration.
-- `src/tool.ts` stores canonical Location registrations, derives LLM definitions, executes tools, and applies generic output bounding.
+- `src/tool.ts` stores canonical Location registrations, derives LLM definitions, executes tools, and normalizes model content and images.
 - Built-in tool plugins live in `tool/plugin`.
 
 Do not add a second executable entry type, registry-owned executor, authorization callback, output-path callback, or legacy normalization path.
@@ -53,9 +53,9 @@ Tool filtering is catalog visibility, not execution authorization. A call still
 
 ## Output
 
-Built-ins return complete tool responses. `Tool.Snapshot.execute` is the local execution boundary.
+Built-ins return complete tool responses. `Tool.Snapshot.execute` is the local execution boundary. Generic output bounding is applied by the Session runner after execution.
 
-Producer capture limits remain local to producers. For example, Bash keeps `AppProcess.maxOutputBytes` and accurately reports stdout/stderr capture loss.
+Producer capture remains local to producers. Shell stores combined process output in its backing file and returns a bounded tail with the full-output path when truncated.
 
 ## Current Gaps
 

packages/core/src/util/error.ts

@@ -5,9 +5,7 @@ export abstract class NamedError extends Error {
   abstract toObject(): { name: string; data: unknown }
 
   static hasName(error: unknown, name: string): boolean {
-    return (
-      typeof error === "object" && error !== null && "name" in error && (error as Record<string, unknown>).name === name
-    )
+    return typeof error === "object" && error !== null && "name" in error && error.name === name
   }
 
   static create<Name extends string, Fields extends Schema.Struct.Fields>(

packages/core/test/aisdk.test.ts

@@ -375,7 +375,100 @@ it.effect("projects replay metadata onto AI SDK prompt parts", () =>
   }),
 )
 
-it.effect("moves a tool image through the real Mistral provider as a user message", () =>
+it.effect("normalizes file data across AI SDK prompt parts", () =>
+  Effect.gen(function* () {
+    const aisdk = yield* AISDK.Service
+    yield* aisdk.hook.sdk((event) => {
+      event.sdk = { languageModel: () => ({ provider: event.model.providerID }) }
+    })
+
+    const resolved = yield* aisdk.model(model("opaque-provider"))
+    const bytes = new Uint8Array([0, 1, 2, 3])
+    const prepared = yield* compileRequest(
+      LLM.request({
+        model: resolved,
+        messages: [
+          Message.user([
+            { type: "media", mediaType: "image/png", data: bytes, filename: "bytes.png" },
+            { type: "media", mediaType: "image/png", data: "AAAA", filename: "base64.png" },
+            {
+              type: "media",
+              mediaType: "image/png",
+              data: "data:image/png;charset=utf-8;base64,AQID",
+              filename: "inline.png",
+            },
+            { type: "media", mediaType: "image/png", data: "https://example.com/image.png" },
+            { type: "media", mediaType: "image/png", data: "s3://bucket/image.png" },
+          ]),
+          Message.assistant({
+            type: "media",
+            mediaType: "application/pdf",
+            data: "http://example.com/document.pdf",
+            filename: "document.pdf",
+          }),
+          Message.tool({
+            id: "call_1",
+            name: "screenshot",
+            result: {
+              type: "content",
+              value: [{ type: "file", uri: "data:image/png;base64,BAUG", mime: "image/png", name: "tool.png" }],
+            },
+          }),
+        ],
+      }),
+    )
+
+    expect(prepared.body.prompt).toEqual([
+      {
+        role: "user",
+        content: [
+          { type: "file", mediaType: "image/png", data: bytes, filename: "bytes.png" },
+          { type: "file", mediaType: "image/png", data: "AAAA", filename: "base64.png" },
+          { type: "file", mediaType: "image/png", data: "AQID", filename: "inline.png" },
+          {
+            type: "file",
+            mediaType: "image/png",
+            data: new URL("https://example.com/image.png"),
+            filename: undefined,
+          },
+          { type: "file", mediaType: "image/png", data: "s3://bucket/image.png", filename: undefined },
+        ],
+      },
+      {
+        role: "assistant",
+        content: [
+          {
+            type: "file",
+            mediaType: "application/pdf",
+            data: new URL("http://example.com/document.pdf"),
+            filename: "document.pdf",
+          },
+        ],
+      },
+      {
+        role: "tool",
+        content: [
+          {
+            type: "tool-result",
+            toolCallId: "call_1",
+            toolName: "screenshot",
+            output: { type: "text", value: "Media attached in the following user message." },
+            providerOptions: undefined,
+          },
+        ],
+      },
+      {
+        role: "user",
+        content: [
+          { type: "text", text: "Attached media from tool result:" },
+          { type: "file", mediaType: "image/png", data: "BAUG", filename: "tool.png" },
+        ],
+      },
+    ])
+  }),
+)
+
+it.effect("normalizes user and tool media through the real Mistral provider", () =>
   Effect.gen(function* () {
     const aisdk = yield* AISDK.Service
     let body: { messages?: unknown[] } | undefined
@@ -415,7 +508,14 @@ it.effect("moves a tool image through the real Mistral provider as a user messag
       LLM.request({
         model: resolved,
         messages: [
-          Message.user("Inspect the screenshot."),
+          Message.user([
+            { type: "text", text: "Inspect the attachments." },
+            { type: "media", mediaType: "image/png", data: new Uint8Array([0, 1, 2, 3]) },
+            { type: "media", mediaType: "image/png", data: "AQID" },
+            { type: "media", mediaType: "image/png", data: "data:image/png;base64,BAUG" },
+            { type: "media", mediaType: "image/png", data: "http://example.com/image.png" },
+            { type: "media", mediaType: "application/pdf", data: "https://example.com/document.pdf" },
+          ]),
           Message.assistant({ type: "tool-call", id: "call_1", name: "screenshot", input: {} }),
           Message.tool({
             type: "tool-result",
@@ -426,6 +526,12 @@ it.effect("moves a tool image through the real Mistral provider as a user messag
               value: [
                 { type: "text", text: "Screenshot captured" },
                 { type: "file", uri: "data:image/png;base64,AAAA", mime: "image/png", name: "screen.png" },
+                {
+                  type: "file",
+                  uri: "https://example.com/tool-document.pdf",
+                  mime: "application/pdf",
+                  name: "tool-document.pdf",
+                },
               ],
             },
           }),
@@ -434,7 +540,17 @@ it.effect("moves a tool image through the real Mistral provider as a user messag
     ).pipe(Effect.provide(client))
 
     expect(body?.messages).toEqual([
-      { role: "user", content: [{ type: "text", text: "Inspect the screenshot." }] },
+      {
+        role: "user",
+        content: [
+          { type: "text", text: "Inspect the attachments." },
+          { type: "image_url", image_url: "data:image/png;base64,AAECAw==" },
+          { type: "image_url", image_url: "data:image/png;base64,AQID" },
+          { type: "image_url", image_url: "data:image/png;base64,BAUG" },
+          { type: "image_url", image_url: "http://example.com/image.png" },
+          { type: "document_url", document_url: "https://example.com/document.pdf" },
+        ],
+      },
       {
         role: "assistant",
         content: "",
@@ -457,6 +573,7 @@ it.effect("moves a tool image through the real Mistral provider as a user messag
         content: [
           { type: "text", text: "Attached media from tool result:" },
           { type: "image_url", image_url: "data:image/png;base64,AAAA" },
+          { type: "document_url", document_url: "https://example.com/tool-document.pdf" },
         ],
       },
     ])

packages/core/test/bus-session-routing.test.ts

@@ -85,8 +85,8 @@ describe("Bus Session routing", () => {
         projectID: Project.ID.global,
       })
       const done = yield* bus.publish(Done, {})
-      expect(Array.from(yield* Fiber.join(first))).toEqual([moved, done])
-      expect(Array.from(yield* Fiber.join(second))).toEqual([moved, after, same, done])
+      expect(yield* Fiber.join(first)).toEqual([moved, done])
+      expect(yield* Fiber.join(second)).toEqual([moved, after, same, done])
       expect(moved.location).toEqual(a)
     }),
   )
@@ -130,8 +130,8 @@ describe("Bus Session routing", () => {
             )
           const after = yield* bus.publish(SessionEvent.Execution.Succeeded, { sessionID: child })
           const done = yield* bus.publish(Done, {})
-          expect(Array.from(yield* Fiber.join(first)).map((event) => event.id)).toEqual([eventID, after.id, done.id])
-          expect(Array.from(yield* Fiber.join(second))).toEqual([done])
+          expect((yield* Fiber.join(first)).map((event) => event.id)).toEqual([eventID, after.id, done.id])
+          expect(yield* Fiber.join(second)).toEqual([done])
         }),
       )
     }),
@@ -158,19 +158,17 @@ describe("Bus Session routing", () => {
       const explicit = yield* bus.publish(SessionEvent.Execution.Succeeded, { sessionID: id }, { location: b })
       const done = yield* bus.publish(Done, {})
 
-      expect(Array.from(yield* Fiber.join(first))).toEqual([renamed, text, broadcast, done])
-      expect(Array.from(yield* Fiber.join(second))).toEqual([broadcast, explicit, done])
-      expect(Array.from(yield* Fiber.join(workspace))).toEqual([broadcast, done])
-      expect(Array.from(yield* Fiber.join(global))).toEqual([renamed, text, broadcast, explicit, done])
+      expect(yield* Fiber.join(first)).toEqual([renamed, text, broadcast, done])
+      expect(yield* Fiber.join(second)).toEqual([broadcast, explicit, done])
+      expect(yield* Fiber.join(workspace)).toEqual([broadcast, done])
+      expect(yield* Fiber.join(global)).toEqual([renamed, text, broadcast, explicit, done])
       expect(listened).toEqual([renamed, text, broadcast, explicit, done])
       expect(renamed).not.toHaveProperty("location")
       expect(text).not.toHaveProperty("location")
       expect(JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(renamed))).not.toHaveProperty("location")
       const history = yield* bus.log({ aggregateID: id }).pipe(Stream.runCollect)
       expect(
-        Array.from(history)
-          .filter((event): event is Event.Payload => !Bus.isSynced(event))
-          .every((event) => !event.location),
+        history.filter((event): event is Event.Payload => !Bus.isSynced(event)).every((event) => !event.location),
       ).toBe(true)
     }),
   )
@@ -197,8 +195,8 @@ describe("Bus Session routing", () => {
       yield* bus.publish(SessionEvent.Moved, { sessionID: id, location: b, projectID: Project.ID.global })
       const expected = yield* bus.publish(SessionEvent.Renamed, { sessionID: id, title: "destination" })
       const done = yield* bus.publish(Done, {})
-      expect(Array.from(yield* Fiber.join(typed))).toEqual([expected])
-      expect(Array.from(yield* Fiber.join(multiple))).toEqual([expected, done])
+      expect(yield* Fiber.join(typed)).toEqual([expected])
+      expect(yield* Fiber.join(multiple)).toEqual([expected, done])
     }),
   )
 
@@ -226,8 +224,8 @@ describe("Bus Session routing", () => {
       const done = yield* bus.publish(Done, {})
       yield* Deferred.succeed(gate, undefined)
 
-      expect(Array.from(yield* Fiber.join(first))).toEqual([created, before, moved, done])
-      expect(Array.from(yield* Fiber.join(second))).toEqual([moved, after, done])
+      expect(yield* Fiber.join(first)).toEqual([created, before, moved, done])
+      expect(yield* Fiber.join(second)).toEqual([moved, after, done])
       expect(moved).not.toHaveProperty("location")
     }),
   )
@@ -245,9 +243,9 @@ describe("Bus Session routing", () => {
 
       const database = yield* Database.Service
       expect(yield* database.db.select().from(SessionTable).where(eq(SessionTable.id, id)).get()).toBeUndefined()
-      expect(Array.from(yield* Fiber.join(first))).toEqual([deleted, done])
-      expect(Array.from(yield* Fiber.join(second))).toEqual([done])
-      expect(Array.from(yield* Fiber.join(global))).toEqual([deleted, missing, done])
+      expect(yield* Fiber.join(first)).toEqual([deleted, done])
+      expect(yield* Fiber.join(second)).toEqual([done])
+      expect(yield* Fiber.join(global)).toEqual([deleted, missing, done])
     }),
   )
 
@@ -266,8 +264,8 @@ describe("Bus Session routing", () => {
       ])
       const done = yield* bus.publish(Done, {})
       yield* Deferred.succeed(gate, undefined)
-      expect(Array.from(yield* Fiber.join(first))).toEqual([events[0], events[1], done])
-      expect(Array.from(yield* Fiber.join(second))).toEqual([events[1], events[2], events[3], done])
+      expect(yield* Fiber.join(first)).toEqual([events[0], events[1], done])
+      expect(yield* Fiber.join(second)).toEqual([events[1], events[2], events[3], done])
     }),
   )
 
@@ -295,8 +293,8 @@ describe("Bus Session routing", () => {
       const done = yield* bus.publish(Done, {})
       expect(Exit.isFailure(single)).toBe(true)
       expect(Exit.isFailure(batch)).toBe(true)
-      expect(Array.from(yield* Fiber.join(first))).toEqual([before, after, done])
-      expect(Array.from(yield* Fiber.join(second))).toEqual([done])
+      expect(yield* Fiber.join(first)).toEqual([before, after, done])
+      expect(yield* Fiber.join(second)).toEqual([done])
     }),
   )
 
@@ -327,8 +325,8 @@ describe("Bus Session routing", () => {
         { publish: true },
       )
       const done = yield* bus.publish(Done, {})
-      expect(Array.from(yield* Fiber.join(first))).toEqual([done])
-      const received = Array.from(yield* Fiber.join(second))
+      expect(yield* Fiber.join(first)).toEqual([done])
+      const received = yield* Fiber.join(second)
       expect(received.map((event) => event.id)).toEqual([after.id, replayID, done.id])
       expect(received[1]).not.toHaveProperty("location")
     }),

packages/core/test/bus.test.ts

@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ describe("Bus", () => {
       yield* bus.publish(Message, { text: "hello" })
       yield* bus.publish(CountMessage, { count: 2 })
 
-      const received = Array.from(yield* Fiber.join(fiber)).map((event) =>
+      const received = (yield* Fiber.join(fiber)).map((event) =>
         event.type === "test.message" ? event.data.text : event.data.count,
       )
       expect(received).toEqual(["hello", 2])
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ describe("Bus", () => {
       const fiber = yield* bus.subscribe(Message).pipe(Stream.take(1), Stream.runCollect, Effect.forkScoped)
       yield* Effect.yieldNow
       const event = yield* bus.publish(Message, { text: "hello" })
-      const received = Array.from(yield* Fiber.join(fiber))
+      const received = yield* Fiber.join(fiber)
 
       expect(received).toEqual([event])
       expect(event.type).toBe("test.message")
@@ -212,8 +212,8 @@ describe("Bus", () => {
       yield* Effect.yieldNow
       const event = yield* bus.publish(Message, { text: "hello" })
 
-      expect(Array.from(yield* Fiber.join(typed))).toEqual([event])
-      expect(Array.from(yield* Fiber.join(wildcard))).toEqual([event])
+      expect(yield* Fiber.join(typed)).toEqual([event])
+      expect(yield* Fiber.join(wildcard)).toEqual([event])
     }),
   )
 
@@ -602,7 +602,7 @@ describe("Bus", () => {
 
       yield* bus.publish(DurableMessage, durableData(aggregateID, "two"))
 
-      expect(Array.from(yield* Fiber.join(fiber)).map((event) => [event.durable?.seq, event.data])).toEqual([
+      expect((yield* Fiber.join(fiber)).map((event) => [event.durable?.seq, event.data])).toEqual([
         [1, durableData(aggregateID, "one")],
         [2, durableData(aggregateID, "two")],
       ])
@@ -618,7 +618,7 @@ describe("Bus", () => {
 
       yield* bus.publish(DurableMessage, durableData(aggregateID, "one"))
 
-      expect(Array.from(yield* Fiber.join(fiber)).map((event) => [event.durable?.seq, event.data])).toEqual([
+      expect((yield* Fiber.join(fiber)).map((event) => [event.durable?.seq, event.data])).toEqual([
         [0, durableData(aggregateID, "zero")],
         [1, durableData(aggregateID, "one")],
       ])
@@ -653,7 +653,7 @@ describe("Bus", () => {
         yield* bus.publish(DurableMessage, durableData(aggregateID, "during handoff"))
         yield* Deferred.succeed(continueRead, undefined)
 
-        expect(Array.from(yield* Fiber.join(fiber)).map((event) => [event.durable?.seq, event.data])).toEqual([
+        expect((yield* Fiber.join(fiber)).map((event) => [event.durable?.seq, event.data])).toEqual([
           [0, durableData(aggregateID, "during handoff")],
         ])
       }).pipe(Effect.provide(eventLayer))
@@ -672,7 +672,7 @@ describe("Bus", () => {
         yield* bus.publish(DurableMessage, durableData(aggregateID, String(index)))
       }
 
-      expect(Array.from(yield* Fiber.join(fiber)).map((event) => [event.durable?.seq, event.data])).toEqual(
+      expect((yield* Fiber.join(fiber)).map((event) => [event.durable?.seq, event.data])).toEqual(
         Array.from({ length: count }, (_, index) => [index, durableData(aggregateID, String(index))]),
       )
     }),
@@ -688,7 +688,7 @@ describe("Bus", () => {
       yield* bus.publish(Message, { text: "live only" })
       yield* bus.publish(DurableMessage, durableData(aggregateID, "durable"))
 
-      expect(Array.from(yield* Fiber.join(fiber)).map((event) => event.type)).toEqual([DurableMessage.type])
+      expect((yield* Fiber.join(fiber)).map((event) => event.type)).toEqual([DurableMessage.type])
     }),
   )
 
@@ -1268,7 +1268,7 @@ describe("Bus", () => {
       yield* bus.publish(DurableMessage, durableData(aggregateID, "zero"))
       yield* bus.publish(DurableMessage, durableData(aggregateID, "one"))
 
-      const items = Array.from(yield* Stream.runCollect(bus.log({ aggregateID })))
+      const items = yield* Stream.runCollect(bus.log({ aggregateID }))
 
       expect(items.map((item) => (Bus.isSynced(item) ? item.type : item.durable?.seq))).toEqual([
         Event.Seq.make(0),
@@ -1284,9 +1284,9 @@ describe("Bus", () => {
       const bus = yield* Bus.Service
       const aggregateID = Session.ID.create()
 
-      const empty = Array.from(yield* Stream.runCollect(bus.log({ aggregateID })))
+      const empty = yield* Stream.runCollect(bus.log({ aggregateID }))
       yield* bus.publish(DurableMessage, durableData(aggregateID, "zero"))
-      const drained = Array.from(yield* Stream.runCollect(bus.log({ aggregateID, after: 0 })))
+      const drained = yield* Stream.runCollect(bus.log({ aggregateID, after: 0 }))
 
       expect(empty).toEqual([{ type: "log.synced", aggregateID }])
       expect(empty[0]).not.toHaveProperty("seq")
@@ -1306,7 +1306,7 @@ describe("Bus", () => {
 
       yield* bus.publish(DurableMessage, durableData(aggregateID, "one"))
 
-      const items = Array.from(yield* Fiber.join(fiber))
+      const items = yield* Fiber.join(fiber)
       expect(items.map((item) => (Bus.isSynced(item) ? item : item.durable?.seq))).toEqual([
         Event.Seq.make(0),
         { type: "log.synced", aggregateID, seq: Event.Seq.make(0) },
@@ -1330,7 +1330,7 @@ describe("Bus", () => {
         yield* bus.publish(DurableMessage, durableData(aggregateID, "three"))
         yield* bus.publish(DurableMessage, durableData(aggregateID, "four"))
 
-        const items = Array.from(yield* Stream.runCollect(bus.log({ aggregateID })))
+        const items = yield* Stream.runCollect(bus.log({ aggregateID }))
 
         expect(items.map((item) => (Bus.isSynced(item) ? item.type : item.durable?.seq))).toEqual([
           Event.Seq.make(0),
@@ -1378,7 +1378,7 @@ describe("Bus", () => {
         yield* bus.publish(DurableMessage, durableData(aggregateID, "one"))
         yield* Deferred.succeed(releaseRead, undefined)
 
-        const items = Array.from(yield* Fiber.join(fiber))
+        const items = yield* Fiber.join(fiber)
         expect(items.map((item) => (Bus.isSynced(item) ? item : item.durable?.seq))).toEqual([
           Event.Seq.make(0),
           { type: "log.synced", aggregateID, seq: Event.Seq.make(0) },

packages/core/test/config/file.test.ts

@@ -1,411 +0,0 @@
-import path from "path"
-import { describe, expect } from "bun:test"
-import { Effect } from "effect"
-import { parse } from "jsonc-parser"
-import { isRecord } from "@opencode-ai/ai/utils/record"
-import { ConfigFile } from "@opencode-ai/core/config/file"
-import { FSUtil } from "@opencode-ai/util/fs-util"
-import { LayerNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/layer-node"
-import { withTempDir } from "../fixture/tmpdir"
-import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
-
-// No Config, Location, Watcher, Credential, or WellKnown services are provided.
-const it = testEffect(LayerNode.compile(FSUtil.node))
-
-describe("ConfigFile", () => {
-  it.live("edits the explicit target and preserves comments and unrelated fields", () =>
-    withTempDir((tmp) =>
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
-        const global = path.join(tmp.path, "global", "opencode.jsonc")
-        const target = path.join(tmp.path, "project", "custom.jsonc")
-        const text = '{\n  // Keep this comment.\n  "shell": "project",\n  "custom": { "value": 1 },\n}\n'
-        yield* fs.writeWithDirs(global, '{ "shell": "global" }')
-        yield* fs.writeWithDirs(target, text)
-
-        const updated = yield* ConfigFile.update(target, (draft) => {
-          draft.shell = "updated"
-        })
-
-        expect(updated).toEqual({ shell: "updated", custom: { value: 1 } })
-        expect(yield* fs.readFileString(target)).toBe(text.replace('"project"', '"updated"'))
-        expect(yield* fs.readFileString(global)).toBe('{ "shell": "global" }')
-      }),
-    ),
-  )
-
-  it.live("leaves raw substitutions, model shorthand, and legacy shapes unresolved", () =>
-    withTempDir((tmp) =>
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
-        const target = path.join(tmp.path, "opencode.jsonc")
-        const text = `{
-  "model": "{env:OPENCODE_TEST_CONFIG_MODEL}",
-  "shell": "{file:missing-shell.txt}",
-  "skills": { "paths": ["./skills"] },
-  "agent": { "review": { "model": "acme/reasoner" } },
-  "username": "before"
-}
-`
-        yield* fs.writeFileString(target, text)
-        yield* ConfigFile.update(target, (draft) => {
-          expect(draft.model).toBe("{env:OPENCODE_TEST_CONFIG_MODEL}")
-          expect(draft.shell).toBe("{file:missing-shell.txt}")
-          expect(draft.skills).toEqual({ paths: ["./skills"] })
-          draft.username = "after"
-        })
-
-        expect(yield* fs.readFileString(target)).toBe(text.replace('"before"', '"after"'))
-      }),
-    ),
-  )
-
-  it.live("patches nested source fields and deletes legacy keys without migrating them", () =>
-    withTempDir((tmp) =>
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
-        const target = path.join(tmp.path, "opencode.jsonc")
-        yield* fs.writeFileString(
-          target,
-          `{
-  "agent": {
-    "review": { "description": "before", "hidden": true },
-    // Keep the other definition.
-    "build": { "description": "unchanged" }
-  },
-  "snapshot": true
-}
-`,
-        )
-        const updated = yield* ConfigFile.update(target, (draft) => {
-          const agent: unknown = draft.agent
-          if (!isRecord(agent) || !isRecord(agent.review)) throw new Error("Missing fixture agent")
-          agent.review.description = "after"
-          agent.review.color = "blue"
-          delete agent.review.hidden
-          delete draft.snapshot
-        })
-
-        expect(updated).toEqual({
-          agent: { review: { description: "after", color: "blue" }, build: { description: "unchanged" } },
-        })
-        expect(parse(yield* fs.readFileString(target))).toEqual(updated)
-        expect(yield* fs.readFileString(target)).toContain("// Keep the other definition.")
-      }),
-    ),
-  )
-
-  it.live("patches array elements without rewriting untouched comments", () =>
-    withTempDir((tmp) =>
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
-        const target = path.join(tmp.path, "opencode.jsonc")
-        const text = `{
-  "plugins": [
-    // Keep the first plugin.
-    "first",
-    "second",
-    // Keep the third plugin.
-    "third",
-    "fourth"
-  ]
-}
-`
-        yield* fs.writeFileString(target, text)
-        yield* ConfigFile.update(target, (draft) => {
-          if (!Array.isArray(draft.plugins)) throw new Error("Missing fixture plugins")
-          draft.plugins[1] = "updated"
-        })
-        expect(yield* fs.readFileString(target)).toBe(text.replace('"second"', '"updated"'))
-
-        const shortened = yield* ConfigFile.update(target, (draft) => {
-          if (!Array.isArray(draft.plugins)) throw new Error("Missing fixture plugins")
-          draft.plugins.splice(1, 3)
-        })
-        expect(shortened.plugins).toEqual(["first"])
-        expect(parse(yield* fs.readFileString(target))).toEqual(shortened)
-
-        const extended = yield* ConfigFile.update(target, (draft) => {
-          if (!Array.isArray(draft.plugins)) throw new Error("Missing fixture plugins")
-          draft.plugins.push("added", "last")
-        })
-        expect(extended.plugins).toEqual(["first", "added", "last"])
-        expect(parse(yield* fs.readFileString(target))).toEqual(extended)
-        expect(yield* fs.readFileString(target)).toContain("// Keep the first plugin.")
-      }),
-    ),
-  )
-
-  it.live("preserves adjacent comments when deleting properties and array elements", () =>
-    withTempDir((tmp) =>
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
-        const target = path.join(tmp.path, "opencode.jsonc")
-        yield* fs.writeFileString(
-          target,
-          `{
-  "shell": "remove",
-  // Keep the model explanation.
-  "model": "acme/reasoner",
-  "plugins": ["first", "second", /* Keep the plugin explanation. */ "third"],
-  "skills": [/* Keep the source explanation. */ "remove",],
-}
-`,
-        )
-        const updated = yield* ConfigFile.update(target, (draft) => {
-          delete draft.shell
-          if (!Array.isArray(draft.plugins)) throw new Error("Missing fixture plugins")
-          draft.plugins.splice(1, 1)
-          draft.skills = []
-        })
-
-        expect(parse(yield* fs.readFileString(target))).toEqual(updated)
-        expect(updated).toEqual({ model: "acme/reasoner", plugins: ["first", "third"], skills: [] })
-        expect(yield* fs.readFileString(target)).toContain("// Keep the model explanation.")
-        expect(yield* fs.readFileString(target)).toContain("/* Keep the plugin explanation. */")
-        expect(yield* fs.readFileString(target)).toContain("/* Keep the source explanation. */")
-      }),
-    ),
-  )
-
-  it.live("deletes own JSON keys that also exist on Object.prototype", () =>
-    withTempDir((tmp) =>
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
-        const target = path.join(tmp.path, "opencode.json")
-        yield* fs.writeFileString(
-          target,
-          '{ "\\u005f_proto__": "remove", "constructor": "remove", "toString": "remove", "shell": "keep" }',
-        )
-        const updated = yield* ConfigFile.update(target, (draft) => {
-          ;["__proto__", "constructor", "toString"].forEach((key) => {
-            delete draft[key]
-          })
-        })
-
-        expect(updated).toEqual({ shell: "keep" })
-        expect(yield* fs.readJson(target)).toEqual(updated)
-      }),
-    ),
-  )
-
-  it.live("preserves and edits object-valued __proto__ source keys", () =>
-    withTempDir((tmp) =>
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
-        const target = path.join(tmp.path, "opencode.json")
-        yield* fs.writeFileString(target, '{ "__proto__": { "value": "before" }, "shell": "keep" }')
-        const updated = yield* ConfigFile.update(target, (draft) => {
-          expect(Object.hasOwn(draft, "__proto__")).toBe(true)
-          const entry: unknown = draft["__proto__"]
-          if (!isRecord(entry)) throw new Error("Missing fixture entry")
-          entry.value = "after"
-        })
-
-        expect(updated).toEqual({ ["__proto__"]: { value: "after" }, shell: "keep" })
-        expect(yield* fs.readJson(target)).toEqual(updated)
-        expect(Object.getPrototypeOf(updated)).toBe(Object.prototype)
-      }),
-    ),
-  )
-
-  it.live("rejects a duplicate-key patch that would not change the effective value", () =>
-    withTempDir((tmp) =>
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
-        const target = path.join(tmp.path, "opencode.json")
-        const text = '{ "shell": "first", "shell": "second" }'
-        yield* fs.writeFileString(target, text)
-        const error = yield* ConfigFile.update(target, (draft) => {
-          draft.shell = "after"
-        }).pipe(Effect.flip)
-
-        expect(error).toBeInstanceOf(ConfigFile.UpdateError)
-        expect(error.message).toBe(`Config patch does not match the requested update: ${target}`)
-        expect(yield* fs.readFileString(target)).toBe(text)
-        expect(yield* fs.exists(target + ".tmp")).toBe(false)
-      }),
-    ),
-  )
-
-  it.live("rereads the selected file for consecutive edits without a watcher", () =>
-    withTempDir((tmp) =>
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
-        const target = path.join(tmp.path, "opencode.json")
-        yield* fs.writeFileString(target, '{ "shell": "first" }')
-        yield* ConfigFile.update(target, (draft) => {
-          draft.shell = "second"
-        })
-        yield* ConfigFile.update(target, (draft) => {
-          expect(draft.shell).toBe("second")
-          draft.username = "added"
-        })
-        expect(yield* fs.readJson(target)).toEqual({ shell: "second", username: "added" })
-
-        yield* fs.writeFileString(target, '{ "shell": "external", "username": "added" }')
-        const updated = yield* ConfigFile.update(target, (draft) => {
-          expect(draft.shell).toBe("external")
-          draft.snapshots = false
-        })
-        expect(yield* fs.readJson(target)).toEqual(updated)
-        expect(updated).toEqual({ shell: "external", username: "added", snapshots: false })
-      }),
-    ),
-  )
-
-  it.live("serializes concurrent read-modify-write calls", () =>
-    withTempDir((tmp) =>
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
-        const target = path.join(tmp.path, "opencode.json")
-        yield* fs.writeFileString(target, '{ "count": 0 }')
-        const increment = ConfigFile.update(target, (draft) => {
-          if (typeof draft.count !== "number") throw new Error("Missing fixture count")
-          draft.count++
-        })
-        yield* Effect.all([increment, increment, increment], { concurrency: "unbounded" })
-
-        expect(yield* fs.readJson(target)).toEqual({ count: 3 })
-      }),
-    ),
-  )
-
-  it.live("does not rewrite no-op or structurally equal edits", () =>
-    withTempDir((tmp) =>
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
-        const target = path.join(tmp.path, "opencode.json")
-        const text = '{\r\n  "plugins": ["first"]\r\n}'
-        yield* fs.writeFileString(target, text)
-        const before = yield* fs.stat(target)
-        yield* ConfigFile.update(target, () => {})
-        yield* ConfigFile.update(target, (draft) => {
-          draft.plugins = ["first"]
-        })
-
-        expect(yield* fs.readFileString(target)).toBe(text)
-        expect((yield* fs.stat(target)).ino).toEqual(before.ino)
-        expect((yield* fs.stat(target)).mtime).toEqual(before.mtime)
-        expect(yield* fs.exists(target + ".tmp")).toBe(false)
-      }),
-    ),
-  )
-
-  it.live("leaves the file unchanged when a callback throws and permits a later edit", () =>
-    withTempDir((tmp) =>
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
-        const target = path.join(tmp.path, "opencode.json")
-        const text = '{ "shell": "before" }'
-        yield* fs.writeFileString(target, text)
-        const cause = new Error("Rejected config update")
-        const error = yield* ConfigFile.update(target, (draft) => {
-          draft.shell = "discarded"
-          throw cause
-        }).pipe(Effect.flip)
-
-        expect(error).toBeInstanceOf(ConfigFile.UpdateError)
-        expect(error.message).toBe("Config update failed")
-        expect(error.cause).toBe(cause)
-        expect(yield* fs.readFileString(target)).toBe(text)
-        expect(yield* fs.exists(target + ".tmp")).toBe(false)
-
-        yield* ConfigFile.update(target, (draft) => {
-          draft.shell = "recovered"
-        })
-        expect(yield* fs.readJson(target)).toEqual({ shell: "recovered" })
-      }),
-    ),
-  )
-
-  it.live("ignores callback return values instead of replacing the document", () =>
-    withTempDir((tmp) =>
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
-        const target = path.join(tmp.path, "opencode.json")
-        yield* fs.writeFileString(target, "{}")
-
-        expect(yield* ConfigFile.update(target, () => new Date(0))).toEqual({})
-        expect(yield* fs.readFileString(target)).toBe("{}")
-
-        const updated = yield* ConfigFile.update(target, (draft) => (draft.shell = "updated"))
-        expect(updated).toEqual({ shell: "updated" })
-        expect(yield* fs.readJson(target)).toEqual(updated)
-      }),
-    ),
-  )
-
-  it.live("rejects non-JSON mutations before writing", () =>
-    withTempDir((tmp) =>
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
-        const target = path.join(tmp.path, "opencode.json")
-        const text = '{ "shell": "before" }'
-        yield* fs.writeFileString(target, text)
-        const error = yield* ConfigFile.update(target, (draft) => {
-          draft.invalid = Number.NaN
-        }).pipe(Effect.flip)
-
-        expect(error).toBeInstanceOf(ConfigFile.UpdateError)
-        expect(error.message).toBe(`Config update must produce a JSON object: ${target}`)
-        expect(yield* fs.readFileString(target)).toBe(text)
-        expect(yield* fs.exists(target + ".tmp")).toBe(false)
-      }),
-    ),
-  )
-  ;["", "{", "[]", "null"].forEach((text) => {
-    it.live(`rejects invalid or non-object source ${JSON.stringify(text)}`, () =>
-      withTempDir((tmp) =>
-        Effect.gen(function* () {
-          const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
-          const target = path.join(tmp.path, "opencode.json")
-          yield* fs.writeFileString(target, text)
-          const error = yield* ConfigFile.update(target, () => {
-            throw new Error("Callback must not run")
-          }).pipe(Effect.flip)
-
-          expect(error).toBeInstanceOf(ConfigFile.UpdateError)
-          expect(error.message).toBe(`Invalid config file: ${target}`)
-          expect(yield* fs.readFileString(target)).toBe(text)
-          expect(yield* fs.exists(target + ".tmp")).toBe(false)
-        }),
-      ),
-    )
-  })
-
-  it.live("reports a missing target without creating it", () =>
-    withTempDir((tmp) =>
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
-        const target = path.join(tmp.path, "missing.json")
-        const error = yield* ConfigFile.update(target, () => {}).pipe(Effect.flip)
-
-        expect(error).toBeInstanceOf(ConfigFile.UpdateError)
-        expect(error.message).toBe(`Failed to read config: ${target}`)
-        expect(error.cause).toBeDefined()
-        expect(yield* fs.exists(target)).toBe(false)
-      }),
-    ),
-  )
-
-  it.live("reports write failures without replacing the target", () =>
-    withTempDir((tmp) =>
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const fs = yield* FSUtil.Service
-        const target = path.join(tmp.path, "opencode.json")
-        const text = '{ "shell": "before" }'
-        yield* fs.writeFileString(target, text)
-        yield* fs.makeDirectory(target + ".tmp")
-        const error = yield* ConfigFile.update(target, (draft) => {
-          draft.shell = "discarded"
-        }).pipe(Effect.flip)
-
-        expect(error).toBeInstanceOf(ConfigFile.UpdateError)
-        expect(error.message).toBe(`Failed to write config: ${target}`)
-        expect(error.cause).toBeDefined()
-        expect(yield* fs.readFileString(target)).toBe(text)
-      }),
-    ),
-  )
-})

packages/core/test/config/reload.test.ts

@@ -34,6 +34,41 @@ const decode = Schema.decodeUnknownSync(Info)
 const document = path.join(import.meta.dir, "opencode.json")
 
 describe("config plugin reloads", () => {
+  it.effect("preserves reference precedence and insertion order across documents", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const plugins = yield* Plugin.Service
+      const references = yield* Reference.Service
+      const host = yield* PluginHost.make(plugins)
+      yield* references.transform((draft) =>
+        draft.add(
+          "external",
+          Reference.LocalSource.make({ type: "local", path: AbsolutePath.make("/references/external") }),
+        ),
+      )
+      yield* ConfigReferencePlugin.Plugin.effect(host)
+
+      const result = yield* references.list()
+      expect(result.map((reference) => reference.name)).toEqual(["external", "shared", "first", "second"])
+      expect(result.find((reference) => reference.name === "shared")?.path).toBe(
+        AbsolutePath.make(path.resolve("/config/second/shared")),
+      )
+    }).pipe(
+      Effect.provide(
+        Config.testLayer([
+          referenceConfig("/config/first/opencode.json", {
+            shared: "./shared",
+            first: "./first",
+          }),
+          referenceConfig("/config/second/opencode.json", {
+            shared: "./shared",
+            second: "./second",
+          }),
+        ]),
+      ),
+      Effect.provideService(Global.Service, Global.Service.of(Global.make())),
+    ),
+  )
+
   it.live("reloads config-backed domains without reloading external plugins", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
       const agents = yield* Agent.Service
@@ -102,6 +137,14 @@ function config(name: string) {
   })
 }
 
+function referenceConfig(file: string, references: Record<string, string>) {
+  return new Document({
+    type: "document",
+    path: AbsolutePath.make(file),
+    info: decode({ references }),
+  })
+}
+
 function title(value: string) {
   return value.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + value.slice(1)
 }

packages/core/test/effect/cross-spawn-spawner.test.ts

@@ -16,18 +16,7 @@ function js(code: string, opts?: ChildProcess.CommandOptions) {
 }
 
 function decodeByteStream(stream: Stream.Stream<Uint8Array, PlatformError.PlatformError>) {
-  return Stream.runCollect(stream).pipe(
-    Effect.map((chunks) => {
-      const total = chunks.reduce((acc, x) => acc + x.length, 0)
-      const out = new Uint8Array(total)
-      let off = 0
-      for (const chunk of chunks) {
-        out.set(chunk, off)
-        off += chunk.length
-      }
-      return new TextDecoder("utf-8").decode(out).trim()
-    }),
-  )
+  return Stream.mkUint8Array(stream).pipe(Effect.map((bytes) => new TextDecoder("utf-8").decode(bytes).trim()))
 }
 
 function alive(pid: number) {

packages/core/test/integration.test.ts

@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ describe("Integration", () => {
           value: Credential.Key.make({ type: "key", key: "secret", configuration: { accountId: "account" } }),
         }),
       ])
-      expect(Array.from(yield* Fiber.join(created), (event) => ({ type: event.type, data: event.data }))).toEqual([
+      expect((yield* Fiber.join(created)).map((event) => ({ type: event.type, data: event.data }))).toEqual([
         { type: Credential.Event.Updated.type, data: {} },
         { type: Credential.Event.Switched.type, data: { credentialID: stored[0]?.id, integrationID } },
       ])

packages/core/test/lib/environment-conformance.ts

@@ -49,6 +49,29 @@ export const environmentConformance = <E>(
       }),
     )
 
+    check("observes filesystem state when an operation executes", (harness) =>
+      Effect.gen(function* () {
+        const target = `${harness.root}/deferred.txt`
+        const source = `${harness.root}/source.txt`
+        const destination = `${harness.root}/destination.txt`
+        const read = harness.files.read(target)
+        const stat = harness.files.stat(target)
+        const list = harness.files.list(harness.root)
+        const move = harness.files.move(source, destination)
+
+        yield* harness.files.write(target, bytes("first"))
+        yield* harness.files.write(source, bytes("moved"))
+        expect(text((yield* read).bytes)).toBe("first")
+        expect((yield* stat).size).toBe(5)
+        expect(yield* list).toContainEqual({ name: "deferred.txt", type: "file" })
+        yield* move
+        expect(text((yield* harness.files.read(destination)).bytes)).toBe("moved")
+
+        yield* harness.files.write(target, bytes("second"))
+        expect(text((yield* read).bytes)).toBe("second")
+      }),
+    )
+
     check("reports missing paths", (harness) =>
       Effect.gen(function* () {
         const target = `${harness.root}/missing`

packages/core/test/plugin/provider-merge-gateway.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+import { describe, expect, test } from "bun:test"
+import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
+import { HttpClient, HttpClientResponse } from "effect/unstable/http"
+import { LLM, Message } from "@opencode-ai/ai"
+import { LLMClient, RequestExecutor } from "@opencode-ai/ai/route"
+import { compileRequest } from "@opencode-ai/ai/route/client"
+import { Catalog } from "@opencode-ai/core/catalog"
+import { Credential } from "@opencode-ai/core/credential"
+import { Model } from "@opencode-ai/core/model"
+import { ModelResolver } from "@opencode-ai/core/model-resolver"
+import { Plugin } from "@opencode-ai/core/plugin"
+import { PluginHost } from "@opencode-ai/core/plugin/host"
+import { ProviderPlugins } from "@opencode-ai/core/plugin/provider"
+import { MergeGatewayPlugin } from "@opencode-ai/core/plugin/provider/merge-gateway"
+import { Provider } from "@opencode-ai/core/provider"
+import { testEffect } from "../lib/effect"
+import { PluginTestLayer } from "./fixture"
+
+const it = testEffect(PluginTestLayer)
+const providerID = Provider.ID.make("merge-gateway")
+const modelID = Model.ID.make("zai/glm-5.3-flash")
+const addPlugin = Effect.fn(function* () {
+  const plugin = yield* Plugin.Service
+  const host = yield* PluginHost.make(plugin)
+  yield* MergeGatewayPlugin.effect(host)
+})
+
+describe("MergeGatewayPlugin", () => {
+  test("is registered as a built-in provider plugin", () => {
+    expect(ProviderPlugins).toContain(MergeGatewayPlugin)
+  })
+
+  it.effect("sets gateway defaults by effective package and leaves later overrides intact", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const catalog = yield* Catalog.Service
+      const other = Model.ID.make("other")
+      const custom = Provider.ID.make("custom")
+      yield* catalog.transform((draft) => {
+        draft.provider.update(providerID, (provider) => {
+          provider.package = Provider.aisdk("merge-gateway-ai-sdk-provider")
+          provider.settings = { baseURL: "https://custom.example/v1", apiKey: "configured-key", reasoningEffort: "low" }
+        })
+        draft.model.update(providerID, modelID, (model) => {
+          model.compatibility = { reasoningField: "reasoning_content", requireFinishReason: true }
+          model.settings = { reasoningEffort: "high" }
+        })
+        draft.model.update(providerID, other, (model) => {
+          model.package = Provider.aisdk("@ai-sdk/openai-compatible")
+        })
+        draft.provider.update(custom, (provider) => {
+          provider.package = Provider.aisdk("@ai-sdk/openai-compatible")
+          provider.settings = { baseURL: "https://inherited.example/v1", reasoningEffort: "high" }
+        })
+        draft.model.update(custom, modelID, (model) => {
+          model.package = Provider.aisdk("merge-gateway-ai-sdk-provider")
+        })
+      })
+      yield* addPlugin()
+      expect((yield* catalog.provider.get(providerID))?.package).toBe("@opencode-ai/ai/providers/openai-compatible")
+      expect((yield* catalog.model.get(providerID, modelID))?.settings).toEqual({
+        baseURL: "https://custom.example/v1",
+        apiKey: "configured-key",
+        provider: providerID,
+        providerOptions: { reasoningEffort: "high" },
+      })
+      expect((yield* catalog.model.get(providerID, modelID))?.compatibility).toEqual({
+        reasoningField: "thinking",
+        maxTokensField: "max_tokens",
+        requireReasoning: false,
+        requireFinishReason: true,
+      })
+      expect((yield* catalog.model.get(providerID, other))?.compatibility).toBeUndefined()
+      expect((yield* catalog.model.get(providerID, other))?.package).toBe(Provider.aisdk("@ai-sdk/openai-compatible"))
+      expect((yield* catalog.model.get(custom, modelID))?.compatibility?.reasoningField).toBe("thinking")
+      expect((yield* catalog.model.get(custom, modelID))?.package).toBe("@opencode-ai/ai/providers/openai-compatible")
+      expect((yield* catalog.model.get(custom, modelID))?.settings).toEqual({
+        baseURL: "https://inherited.example/v1",
+        reasoningEffort: "high",
+        provider: custom,
+        providerOptions: { reasoningEffort: "high" },
+      })
+      for (const [provider, id, effort, url] of [
+        [providerID, other, "low", "https://custom.example/v1"],
+        [custom, modelID, "high", "https://inherited.example/v1"],
+      ] as const) {
+        const info = yield* catalog.model.get(provider, id)
+        if (!info) throw new Error("Missing model override")
+        const model = yield* ModelResolver.fromCatalogModel(info, Credential.Key.make({ type: "key", key: "test-key" }))
+        expect(model.route.endpoint.baseURL).toBe(url)
+        const request = yield* compileRequest(LLM.request({ model, prompt: "Hello" }))
+        expect(request.body.reasoning_effort).toBe(effort)
+      }
+      yield* catalog.transform((draft) => {
+        draft.provider.update(providerID, (provider) => {
+          provider.settings = { ...provider.settings, baseURL: "https://later.example/v1" }
+        })
+        draft.model.update(providerID, modelID, (model) => {
+          model.compatibility = { ...model.compatibility, reasoningField: "custom_thinking" }
+        })
+      })
+      expect((yield* catalog.model.get(providerID, modelID))?.compatibility?.reasoningField).toBe("custom_thinking")
+      expect((yield* catalog.model.get(providerID, modelID))?.settings?.baseURL).toBe("https://later.example/v1")
+    }),
+  )
+
+  it.effect("uses native HTTP for images, thinking, tool calls, and usage", () =>
+    Effect.gen(function* () {
+      const catalog = yield* Catalog.Service
+      yield* catalog.transform((draft) => {
+        draft.provider.update(providerID, (provider) => {
+          provider.package = Provider.aisdk("merge-gateway-ai-sdk-provider")
+          provider.headers = { "x-test": "header" }
+        })
+        draft.model.update(providerID, modelID, (model) => {
+          model.body = { tags: [{ key: "env", value: "test" }] }
+        })
+      })
+      yield* addPlugin()
+      const info = yield* catalog.model.get(providerID, modelID)
+      if (!info) throw new Error("Missing Merge model")
+      expect(info.package).toBe("@opencode-ai/ai/providers/openai-compatible")
+      const model = yield* ModelResolver.fromCatalogModel(info, Credential.Key.make({ type: "key", key: "test-key" }), {
+        loadAISDK: () => Effect.die("Merge Gateway must use the native provider"),
+      })
+      expect(model.route.id).toBe("openai-compatible-chat")
+      const transport = Layer.succeed(
+        HttpClient.HttpClient,
+        HttpClient.make((request) =>
+          Effect.sync(() => {
+            expect(request.url).toBe("https://api-gateway.merge.dev/v1/ai-sdk/chat/completions")
+            expect(request.headers.authorization).toBe("Bearer test-key")
+            expect(request.headers["x-test"]).toBe("header")
+            if (request.body._tag !== "Uint8Array") throw new Error("Expected JSON request")
+            const body = JSON.parse(new TextDecoder().decode(request.body.body))
+            expect(body.max_tokens).toBe(100)
+            expect(body).not.toHaveProperty("max_completion_tokens")
+            expect(body.tags).toEqual([{ key: "env", value: "test" }])
+            expect(body.messages[0]).toMatchObject({
+              role: "user",
+              content: [
+                { type: "text", text: "[Image 1] describe this image" },
+                { type: "image_url", image_url: { url: "data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgo=" } },
+                { type: "image_url", image_url: { url: "data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/" } },
+              ],
+            })
+            expect(body.messages[1]).not.toHaveProperty("thinking")
+            const chunks = [
+              { choices: [{ index: 0, delta: { thinking: "Inspecting the image." }, finish_reason: null }] },
+              { choices: [{ index: 0, delta: { content: "I see it." }, finish_reason: null }] },
+              {
+                choices: [
+                  {
+                    index: 0,
+                    delta: {
+                      tool_calls: [
+                        {
+                          index: 0,
+                          id: "call_1",
+                          type: "function",
+                          function: { name: "read", arguments: '{"path":"image.png"}' },
+                        },
+                      ],
+                    },
+                    finish_reason: "tool_calls",
+                  },
+                ],
+              },
+              { choices: [], usage: { prompt_tokens: 10, completion_tokens: 5, total_tokens: 15 } },
+            ]
+            return HttpClientResponse.fromWeb(
+              request,
+              new Response(chunks.map((chunk) => `data: ${JSON.stringify(chunk)}\n\n`).join("") + "data: [DONE]\n\n", {
+                headers: { "content-type": "text/event-stream" },
+              }),
+            )
+          }),
+        ),
+      )
+      const response = yield* LLMClient.generate(
+        LLM.request({
+          model,
+          generation: { maxTokens: 100 },
+          messages: [
+            Message.user([
+              Message.text("[Image 1] describe this image"),
+              { type: "media", mediaType: "image/png", data: "iVBORw0KGgo=" },
+              { type: "media", mediaType: "image/jpeg", data: "/9j/" },
+            ]),
+            Message.assistant("Let me look."),
+            Message.user("Continue"),
+          ],
+        }),
+      ).pipe(Effect.provide(LLMClient.layer.pipe(Layer.provide(RequestExecutor.layer.pipe(Layer.provide(transport))))))
+      expect(response.text).toBe("I see it.")
+      expect(response.reasoning).toBe("Inspecting the image.")
+      expect(response.toolCalls).toMatchObject([{ name: "read", input: { path: "image.png" } }])
+      expect(response.usage).toMatchObject({ inputTokens: 10, outputTokens: 5 })
+    }),
+  )
+})

packages/core/test/session-compaction.test.ts

@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ import { Project } from "@opencode-ai/core/project"
 import { ProjectTable } from "@opencode-ai/core/project/sql"
 import { App } from "@opencode-ai/core/app"
 import { Agent } from "@opencode-ai/core/agent"
+import { Model } from "@opencode-ai/core/model"
+import { Provider } from "@opencode-ai/core/provider"
 import { PluginHooks } from "@opencode-ai/core/plugin/hooks"
 import { Location } from "@opencode-ai/core/location"
 import { AbsolutePath } from "@opencode-ai/core/schema"
@@ -301,6 +303,54 @@ it.effect("manual compaction summarizes short context instead of no-op", () =>
   }),
 )
 
+it.effect("manual compaction records model resolution failures without calling the model", () =>
+  Effect.gen(function* () {
+    requests = []
+    const compaction = yield* SessionCompaction.Service
+    const store = yield* SessionStore.Service
+    const sessionID = Session.ID.make("ses_manual_resolution_failure")
+    const session = yield* insertSession(sessionID)
+    const modelRequests = yield* SessionModelRequest.Service
+    const inputID = SessionMessage.ID.make("msg_manual_resolution_failure")
+
+    expect(
+      yield* compaction.compactManual({
+        session,
+        resolveModel: () =>
+          Effect.fail(
+            new SessionRunnerModel.ModelUnavailableError({
+              providerID: Provider.ID.make("test"),
+              modelID: Model.ID.make("missing"),
+            }),
+          ),
+        prepare: modelRequests.prepare,
+        messages: [
+          {
+            id: SessionMessage.ID.create(),
+            type: "user",
+            text: "Summarize this conversation.",
+            time: { created: DateTime.makeUnsafe(0) },
+          },
+        ],
+        inputID,
+      }),
+    ).toEqual({
+      status: "failed",
+      error: { type: "provider.no-route", message: "Model unavailable: test/missing" },
+    })
+    expect(requests).toHaveLength(0)
+    expect(yield* store.context(sessionID)).toMatchObject([
+      {
+        id: inputID,
+        type: "compaction",
+        status: "failed",
+        reason: "manual",
+        error: { type: "provider.no-route", message: "Model unavailable: test/missing" },
+      },
+    ])
+  }),
+)
+
 it.effect("forked session compaction reuses the fork root prompt cache key", () =>
   Effect.gen(function* () {
     requests = []

packages/core/test/session-model-transport.test.ts

@@ -857,8 +857,7 @@ describe("SessionModelTransport", () => {
   test("records metadata-only lifecycle metrics", async () => {
     const fixture = automatic()
 
-    await run(
-      fixture.connector,
+    await Effect.runPromise(
       Effect.gen(function* () {
         const transport = yield* SessionModelTransport.Service
         const executor = transport.bind(session)
@@ -874,7 +873,11 @@ describe("SessionModelTransport", () => {
         )
         expect(JSON.stringify(lifecycle)).not.toContain("secret-one")
         expect(JSON.stringify(lifecycle)).not.toContain("secret-two")
-      }),
+      }).pipe(
+        Effect.provide(SessionModelTransport.makeLayer(fixture.connector)),
+        Effect.scoped,
+        Effect.provideService(Metric.MetricRegistry, new Map()),
+      ),
     )
   })
 })

packages/core/test/session-projector.test.ts

@@ -60,25 +60,32 @@ const assistantRow = (
   return { id, session_id: sessionID, type, seq, time_created: DateTime.toEpochMillis(time.created), data }
 }
 
+const seedSession = (overrides?: Partial<typeof SessionTable.$inferInsert>) =>
+  Effect.gen(function* () {
+    const db = (yield* Database.Service).db
+    yield* db
+      .insert(ProjectTable)
+      .values({ id: Project.ID.global, worktree: AbsolutePath.make("/project"), sandboxes: [] })
+      .run()
+    yield* db
+      .insert(SessionTable)
+      .values({
+        id: sessionID,
+        project_id: Project.ID.global,
+        slug: "test",
+        directory: "/project",
+        title: "test",
+        version: "test",
+        ...overrides,
+      })
+      .run()
+    return db
+  })
+
 describe("SessionProjector", () => {
   it.effect("does not settle a pending manual compaction on an auto failure", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const db = (yield* Database.Service).db
-      yield* db
-        .insert(ProjectTable)
-        .values({ id: Project.ID.global, worktree: AbsolutePath.make("/project"), sandboxes: [] })
-        .run()
-      yield* db
-        .insert(SessionTable)
-        .values({
-          id: sessionID,
-          project_id: Project.ID.global,
-          slug: "test",
-          directory: "/project",
-          title: "test",
-          version: "test",
-        })
-        .run()
+      const db = yield* seedSession()
       const bus = yield* Bus.Service
       const inputID = SessionMessage.ID.make("msg_manual_compaction")
       yield* SessionInbox.admitCompaction(db, bus, { id: inputID, sessionID, delivery: "queue" })
@@ -95,22 +102,7 @@ describe("SessionProjector", () => {
 
   it.effect("loads legacy revert storage into canonical state", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const db = (yield* Database.Service).db
-      yield* db
-        .insert(ProjectTable)
-        .values({ id: Project.ID.global, worktree: AbsolutePath.make("/project"), sandboxes: [] })
-        .run()
-      yield* db
-        .insert(SessionTable)
-        .values({
-          id: sessionID,
-          project_id: Project.ID.global,
-          slug: "test",
-          directory: "/project",
-          title: "test",
-          version: "test",
-        })
-        .run()
+      const db = yield* seedSession()
       const legacy = JSON.stringify({
         messageID: "msg_boundary",
         snapshot: "tree",
@@ -131,28 +123,14 @@ describe("SessionProjector", () => {
 
   it.effect("projects staged, cleared, and committed reverts", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const db = (yield* Database.Service).db
-      yield* db
-        .insert(ProjectTable)
-        .values({ id: Project.ID.global, worktree: AbsolutePath.make("/project"), sandboxes: [] })
-        .run()
-      yield* db
-        .insert(SessionTable)
-        .values({
-          id: sessionID,
-          project_id: Project.ID.global,
-          slug: "test",
-          directory: "/project",
-          title: "test",
-          version: "test",
-          cost: 1.25,
-          tokens_input: 10,
-          tokens_output: 4,
-          tokens_reasoning: 2,
-          tokens_cache_read: 3,
-          tokens_cache_write: 1,
-        })
-        .run()
+      const db = yield* seedSession({
+        cost: 1.25,
+        tokens_input: 10,
+        tokens_output: 4,
+        tokens_reasoning: 2,
+        tokens_cache_read: 3,
+        tokens_cache_write: 1,
+      })
       const boundary = SessionMessage.ID.make("msg_boundary")
       const earlier = SessionMessage.ID.make("msg_earlier")
       yield* db
@@ -227,24 +205,7 @@ describe("SessionProjector", () => {
 
   it.effect("orders projected messages and context by durable aggregate sequence", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const { db } = yield* Database.Service
-      yield* db
-        .insert(ProjectTable)
-        .values({ id: Project.ID.global, worktree: AbsolutePath.make("/project"), sandboxes: [] })
-        .run()
-        .pipe(Effect.orDie)
-      yield* db
-        .insert(SessionTable)
-        .values({
-          id: sessionID,
-          project_id: Project.ID.global,
-          slug: "test",
-          directory: "/project",
-          title: "test",
-          version: "test",
-        })
-        .run()
-        .pipe(Effect.orDie)
+      yield* seedSession()
       const bus = yield* Bus.Service
 
       yield* bus.publish(SessionEvent.InboxEnqueued, {
@@ -300,24 +261,7 @@ describe("SessionProjector", () => {
 
   it.effect("maps malformed persisted rows consistently while single-message lookup defects", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const { db } = yield* Database.Service
-      yield* db
-        .insert(ProjectTable)
-        .values({ id: Project.ID.global, worktree: AbsolutePath.make("/project"), sandboxes: [] })
-        .run()
-        .pipe(Effect.orDie)
-      yield* db
-        .insert(SessionTable)
-        .values({
-          id: sessionID,
-          project_id: Project.ID.global,
-          slug: "test",
-          directory: "/project",
-          title: "test",
-          version: "test",
-        })
-        .run()
-        .pipe(Effect.orDie)
+      const db = yield* seedSession()
       const messageID = SessionMessage.ID.make("msg_malformed")
       yield* db
         .insert(SessionMessageTable)
@@ -344,24 +288,7 @@ describe("SessionProjector", () => {
 
   it.effect("consumes the pending row and projects the message at promotion", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const { db } = yield* Database.Service
-      yield* db
-        .insert(ProjectTable)
-        .values({ id: Project.ID.global, worktree: AbsolutePath.make("/project"), sandboxes: [] })
-        .run()
-        .pipe(Effect.orDie)
-      yield* db
-        .insert(SessionTable)
-        .values({
-          id: sessionID,
-          project_id: Project.ID.global,
-          slug: "test",
-          directory: "/project",
-          title: "test",
-          version: "test",
-        })
-        .run()
-        .pipe(Effect.orDie)
+      const db = yield* seedSession()
       const bus = yield* Bus.Service
       const id = SessionMessage.ID.make("msg_admitted")
       const admitted = yield* SessionInbox.admit(db, bus, {
@@ -387,26 +314,7 @@ describe("SessionProjector", () => {
 
   it.effect("projects durable context messages supported by the updater", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const { db } = yield* Database.Service
-      yield* db
-        .insert(ProjectTable)
-        .values({ id: Project.ID.global, worktree: AbsolutePath.make("/project"), sandboxes: [] })
-        .run()
-        .pipe(Effect.orDie)
-      yield* db
-        .insert(SessionTable)
-        .values({
-          id: sessionID,
-          project_id: Project.ID.global,
-          slug: "test",
-          directory: "/project",
-          title: "test",
-          version: "test",
-          agent: "plan",
-          model: previousModel,
-        })
-        .run()
-        .pipe(Effect.orDie)
+      const db = yield* seedSession({ agent: "plan", model: previousModel })
       const bus = yield* Bus.Service
 
       yield* bus.publish(SessionEvent.AgentSelected, {
@@ -532,24 +440,7 @@ describe("SessionProjector", () => {
 
   it.effect("rejects distinct creator events that reuse one projected message ID", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const { db } = yield* Database.Service
-      yield* db
-        .insert(ProjectTable)
-        .values({ id: Project.ID.global, worktree: AbsolutePath.make("/project"), sandboxes: [] })
-        .run()
-        .pipe(Effect.orDie)
-      yield* db
-        .insert(SessionTable)
-        .values({
-          id: sessionID,
-          project_id: Project.ID.global,
-          slug: "test",
-          directory: "/project",
-          title: "test",
-          version: "test",
-        })
-        .run()
-        .pipe(Effect.orDie)
+      const db = yield* seedSession()
       const bus = yield* Bus.Service
       const id = SessionMessage.ID.make("msg_creator_collision")
       const { id: _, type, ...data } = encodeMessage({ id, type: "synthetic", text: "existing", time: { created } })
@@ -576,24 +467,7 @@ describe("SessionProjector", () => {
 
   it.effect("projects retry state and clears it at the next step or execution terminal", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const { db } = yield* Database.Service
-      yield* db
-        .insert(ProjectTable)
-        .values({ id: Project.ID.global, worktree: AbsolutePath.make("/project"), sandboxes: [] })
-        .run()
-        .pipe(Effect.orDie)
-      yield* db
-        .insert(SessionTable)
-        .values({
-          id: sessionID,
-          project_id: Project.ID.global,
-          slug: "test",
-          directory: "/project",
-          title: "test",
-          version: "test",
-        })
-        .run()
-        .pipe(Effect.orDie)
+      const db = yield* seedSession()
       const bus = yield* Bus.Service
       const first = SessionMessage.ID.make("msg_retry_first")
       const second = SessionMessage.ID.make("msg_retry_second")
@@ -643,24 +517,7 @@ describe("SessionProjector", () => {
 
   it.effect("does not infer restart continuation from lifecycle history", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const { db } = yield* Database.Service
-      yield* db
-        .insert(ProjectTable)
-        .values({ id: Project.ID.global, worktree: AbsolutePath.make("/project"), sandboxes: [] })
-        .run()
-        .pipe(Effect.orDie)
-      yield* db
-        .insert(SessionTable)
-        .values({
-          id: sessionID,
-          project_id: Project.ID.global,
-          slug: "test",
-          directory: "/project",
-          title: "test",
-          version: "test",
-        })
-        .run()
-        .pipe(Effect.orDie)
+      const db = yield* seedSession()
       const bus = yield* Bus.Service
       const suspended = () =>
         db
@@ -680,24 +537,7 @@ describe("SessionProjector", () => {
 
   it.effect("updates only the newest incomplete assistant projection", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const { db } = yield* Database.Service
-      yield* db
-        .insert(ProjectTable)
-        .values({ id: Project.ID.global, worktree: AbsolutePath.make("/project"), sandboxes: [] })
-        .run()
-        .pipe(Effect.orDie)
-      yield* db
-        .insert(SessionTable)
-        .values({
-          id: sessionID,
-          project_id: Project.ID.global,
-          slug: "test",
-          directory: "/project",
-          title: "test",
-          version: "test",
-        })
-        .run()
-        .pipe(Effect.orDie)
+      const db = yield* seedSession()
       yield* db
         .insert(SessionMessageTable)
         .values([
@@ -757,24 +597,7 @@ describe("SessionProjector", () => {
 
   it.effect("projects ended and failed step terminal state", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const { db } = yield* Database.Service
-      yield* db
-        .insert(ProjectTable)
-        .values({ id: Project.ID.global, worktree: AbsolutePath.make("/project"), sandboxes: [] })
-        .run()
-        .pipe(Effect.orDie)
-      yield* db
-        .insert(SessionTable)
-        .values({
-          id: sessionID,
-          project_id: Project.ID.global,
-          slug: "test",
-          directory: "/project",
-          title: "test",
-          version: "test",
-        })
-        .run()
-        .pipe(Effect.orDie)
+      const db = yield* seedSession()
       const endedID = SessionMessage.ID.make("msg_ended")
       const failedID = SessionMessage.ID.make("msg_failed")
       yield* db
@@ -844,24 +667,7 @@ describe("SessionProjector", () => {
 
   it.effect("does not revive a stale incomplete assistant projection", () =>
     Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const { db } = yield* Database.Service
-      yield* db
-        .insert(ProjectTable)
-        .values({ id: Project.ID.global, worktree: AbsolutePath.make("/project"), sandboxes: [] })
-        .run()
-        .pipe(Effect.orDie)
-      yield* db
-        .insert(SessionTable)
-        .values({
-          id: sessionID,
-          project_id: Project.ID.global,
-          slug: "test",
-          directory: "/project",
-          title: "test",
-          version: "test",
-        })
-        .run()
-        .pipe(Effect.orDie)
+      const db = yield* seedSession()
       yield* db
         .insert(SessionMessageTable)
         .values([

packages/core/test/session-title.test.ts

@@ -198,18 +198,20 @@ beforeEach(() => {
   titleStream = successfulTitle
 })
 
+const enableTitleAgent = Effect.gen(function* () {
+  const agents = yield* Agent.Service
+  yield* agents.transform((editor) => {
+    editor.update(Agent.ID.make("title"), (agent) => {
+      agent.mode = "primary"
+      agent.hidden = true
+      agent.system = "You are a title generator."
+    })
+  })
+})
+
 it.effect("generates a title from the sole user message and renames the session", () =>
   Effect.gen(function* () {
-    requests = []
-    titleStream = successfulTitle
-    const agentService = yield* Agent.Service
-    yield* agentService.transform((editor) => {
-      editor.update(Agent.ID.make("title"), (agent) => {
-        agent.mode = "primary"
-        agent.hidden = true
-        agent.system = "You are a title generator."
-      })
-    })
+    yield* enableTitleAgent
     const sessionID = Session.ID.make("ses_title_generate")
     yield* insertSession(sessionID)
     yield* prompt(sessionID, "Help me debug the failing build")
@@ -240,17 +242,8 @@ it.effect("generates a title from the sole user message and renames the session"
 
 it.effect("uses a small model from the primary provider", () =>
   Effect.gen(function* () {
-    requests = []
-    titleStream = successfulTitle
     selectedSmall = small
-    const agentService = yield* Agent.Service
-    yield* agentService.transform((editor) => {
-      editor.update(Agent.ID.make("title"), (agent) => {
-        agent.mode = "primary"
-        agent.hidden = true
-        agent.system = "You are a title generator."
-      })
-    })
+    yield* enableTitleAgent
     const sessionID = Session.ID.make("ses_title_small_model")
     yield* insertSession(sessionID)
     yield* prompt(sessionID, "Use a small model for this title")
@@ -267,20 +260,12 @@ it.effect("uses a small model from the primary provider", () =>
 
 it.effect("falls back to the primary model when the small model fails", () =>
   Effect.gen(function* () {
-    requests = []
     titleStream = () =>
       requests.length === 1
         ? Stream.make(LLMEvent.providerError({ message: "Small model unavailable" }))
         : successfulTitle()
     selectedSmall = lowSmall
-    const agentService = yield* Agent.Service
-    yield* agentService.transform((editor) => {
-      editor.update(Agent.ID.make("title"), (agent) => {
-        agent.mode = "primary"
-        agent.hidden = true
-        agent.system = "You are a title generator."
-      })
-    })
+    yield* enableTitleAgent
     const sessionID = Session.ID.make("ses_title_small_fallback")
     yield* insertSession(
       sessionID,
@@ -314,16 +299,7 @@ it.effect("falls back to the primary model when the small model fails", () =>
 
 it.effect("generates from the first user message after later messages exist", () =>
   Effect.gen(function* () {
-    requests = []
-    titleStream = successfulTitle
-    const agentService = yield* Agent.Service
-    yield* agentService.transform((editor) => {
-      editor.update(Agent.ID.make("title"), (agent) => {
-        agent.mode = "primary"
-        agent.hidden = true
-        agent.system = "You are a title generator."
-      })
-    })
+    yield* enableTitleAgent
     const sessionID = Session.ID.make("ses_title_second_message")
     yield* insertSession(sessionID)
     yield* prompt(sessionID, "First message")
@@ -342,16 +318,7 @@ it.effect("generates from the first user message after later messages exist", ()
 
 it.effect("retries a legacy persisted fallback title", () =>
   Effect.gen(function* () {
-    requests = []
-    titleStream = successfulTitle
-    const agentService = yield* Agent.Service
-    yield* agentService.transform((editor) => {
-      editor.update(Agent.ID.make("title"), (agent) => {
-        agent.mode = "primary"
-        agent.hidden = true
-        agent.system = "You are a title generator."
-      })
-    })
+    yield* enableTitleAgent
     const sessionID = Session.ID.make("ses_title_legacy")
     const created = Date.parse("2026-07-30T18:45:03.662Z")
     yield* insertSession(sessionID, "New session - 2026-07-30T18:45:03.662Z", created)
@@ -368,16 +335,7 @@ it.effect("retries a legacy persisted fallback title", () =>
 
 it.effect("generates a title for an explicitly requested child session", () =>
   Effect.gen(function* () {
-    requests = []
-    titleStream = successfulTitle
-    const agentService = yield* Agent.Service
-    yield* agentService.transform((editor) => {
-      editor.update(Agent.ID.make("title"), (agent) => {
-        agent.mode = "primary"
-        agent.hidden = true
-        agent.system = "You are a title generator."
-      })
-    })
+    yield* enableTitleAgent
     const sessionID = Session.ID.make("ses_title_child")
     const { db } = yield* Database.Service
     yield* db
@@ -411,8 +369,6 @@ it.effect("generates a title for an explicitly requested child session", () =>
 
 it.effect("does not generate when the title agent is removed", () =>
   Effect.gen(function* () {
-    requests = []
-    titleStream = successfulTitle
     const sessionID = Session.ID.make("ses_title_no_agent")
     yield* insertSession(sessionID)
     yield* prompt(sessionID, "Help me debug the failing build")
@@ -429,14 +385,7 @@ it.effect("does not generate when the title agent is removed", () =>
 
 it.effect("regenerates an existing title using the title agent", () =>
   Effect.gen(function* () {
-    const agentService = yield* Agent.Service
-    yield* agentService.transform((editor) => {
-      editor.update(Agent.ID.make("title"), (agent) => {
-        agent.mode = "primary"
-        agent.hidden = true
-        agent.system = "You are a title generator."
-      })
-    })
+    yield* enableTitleAgent
     const sessionID = Session.ID.make("ses_title_regenerate")
     yield* insertSession(sessionID, "Original title")
     yield* prompt(sessionID, "Investigate the login failure")
@@ -480,14 +429,7 @@ it.effect("regenerates an existing title using the title agent", () =>
 
 it.effect("bounds regeneration context while preserving the original request and recent conversation", () =>
   Effect.gen(function* () {
-    const agentService = yield* Agent.Service
-    yield* agentService.transform((editor) => {
-      editor.update(Agent.ID.make("title"), (agent) => {
-        agent.mode = "primary"
-        agent.hidden = true
-        agent.system = "You are a title generator."
-      })
-    })
+    yield* enableTitleAgent
     const sessionID = Session.ID.make("ses_title_regenerate_bounded")
     yield* insertSession(sessionID, "Original title")
     yield* prompt(sessionID, `ORIGINAL_GOAL ${"a".repeat(3_000)} OMITTED_ORIGINAL_END`)
@@ -509,14 +451,7 @@ it.effect("bounds regeneration context while preserving the original request and
 
 it.effect("preserves the existing title when regeneration fails", () =>
   Effect.gen(function* () {
-    const agentService = yield* Agent.Service
-    yield* agentService.transform((editor) => {
-      editor.update(Agent.ID.make("title"), (agent) => {
-        agent.mode = "primary"
-        agent.hidden = true
-        agent.system = "You are a title generator."
-      })
-    })
+    yield* enableTitleAgent
     const sessionID = Session.ID.make("ses_title_regenerate_failure")
     yield* insertSession(sessionID, "Original title")
     yield* prompt(sessionID, "Fail to regenerate this title")
@@ -533,15 +468,7 @@ it.effect("preserves the existing title when regeneration fails", () =>
 
 it.effect("retries after a failed title request", () =>
   Effect.gen(function* () {
-    requests = []
-    const agentService = yield* Agent.Service
-    yield* agentService.transform((editor) => {
-      editor.update(Agent.ID.make("title"), (agent) => {
-        agent.mode = "primary"
-        agent.hidden = true
-        agent.system = "You are a title generator."
-      })
-    })
+    yield* enableTitleAgent
     const sessionID = Session.ID.make("ses_title_retry")
     yield* insertSession(sessionID)
     yield* prompt(sessionID, "Retry this title")
@@ -560,14 +487,7 @@ it.effect("retries after a failed title request", () =>
 
 it.effect("does not rename after a failed title stream", () =>
   Effect.gen(function* () {
-    const agentService = yield* Agent.Service
-    yield* agentService.transform((editor) => {
-      editor.update(Agent.ID.make("title"), (agent) => {
-        agent.mode = "primary"
-        agent.hidden = true
-        agent.system = "You are a title generator."
-      })
-    })
+    yield* enableTitleAgent
     const sessionID = Session.ID.make("ses_title_stream_failure")
     yield* insertSession(sessionID)
     yield* prompt(sessionID, "Fail this title stream")
@@ -589,16 +509,7 @@ it.effect("does not rename after a failed title stream", () =>
 
 it.effect("keeps session context hooks away from title requests", () =>
   Effect.gen(function* () {
-    requests = []
-    titleStream = successfulTitle
-    const agentService = yield* Agent.Service
-    yield* agentService.transform((editor) => {
-      editor.update(Agent.ID.make("title"), (agent) => {
-        agent.mode = "primary"
-        agent.hidden = true
-        agent.system = "You are a title generator."
-      })
-    })
+    yield* enableTitleAgent
     // Context hooks shape the agent conversation; title generation is not part of
     // it, so it opts out and the transcript passes through unchanged.
     const hooks = yield* PluginHooks.Service
@@ -621,15 +532,7 @@ it.effect("keeps session context hooks away from title requests", () =>
 
 it.effect("preserves a manual rename completed while generation is in flight", () =>
   Effect.gen(function* () {
-    requests = []
-    const agentService = yield* Agent.Service
-    yield* agentService.transform((editor) => {
-      editor.update(Agent.ID.make("title"), (agent) => {
-        agent.mode = "primary"
-        agent.hidden = true
-        agent.system = "You are a title generator."
-      })
-    })
+    yield* enableTitleAgent
     const sessionID = Session.ID.make("ses_title_manual_rename")
     yield* insertSession(sessionID)
     yield* prompt(sessionID, "Generate this title")

packages/core/test/worktree.test.ts

@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ describe("Worktree", () => {
           { directory: created.directory, strategy: "git" },
         ].toSorted((a, b) => a.directory.localeCompare(b.directory)),
       )
-      expect(Array.from(yield* Fiber.join(fiber))[0]?.data).toEqual({ projectID: input.projectID })
+      expect((yield* Fiber.join(fiber))[0]?.data).toEqual({ projectID: input.projectID })
 
       yield* worktree.remove({ projectID: input.projectID, directory: created.directory, force: false })
 
@@ -550,7 +550,7 @@ describe("Worktree", () => {
           { directory: existing, strategy: "git" },
         ].toSorted((a, b) => a.directory.localeCompare(b.directory)),
       )
-      expect(Array.from(yield* Fiber.join(fiber))[0]?.data).toEqual({ projectID: input.projectID })
+      expect((yield* Fiber.join(fiber))[0]?.data).toEqual({ projectID: input.projectID })
 
       yield* Effect.promise(() => $`git worktree remove --force ${target}`.cwd(input.root.path).quiet())
       yield* Effect.promise(() => $`git worktree remove --force ${unchanged}`.cwd(input.root.path).quiet())

packages/tui/src/component/session-tabs.tsx

@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ import { DialogSessionRename } from "./dialog-session-rename"
 import { Keymap } from "../context/keymap"
 import { registerOpencodeSpinner } from "./register-spinner"
 import { SPINNER_FRAMES } from "./spinner-frames"
+import "./title-shimmer"
 
 registerOpencodeSpinner()
 
@@ -96,6 +97,7 @@ export const EMPTY_SESSION_TAB_STATUS: SessionTabsStatus = {
   promptPulse: 0,
   attention: false,
   busy: false,
+  renaming: false,
 }
 export type SessionTabsController = Pick<ContextController, "tabs" | "current" | "select" | "close" | "move"> & {
   newTab?: () => boolean
@@ -648,7 +650,7 @@ function VerticalSessionTabs(props: {
               const restingTitleWidth = () => Math.max(1, width() - numberWidth() - 2)
               const hoveredTitleWidth = () => Math.max(1, restingTitleWidth() - 1)
               const titleWidth = () => (hovered() === tab.sessionID ? hoveredTitleWidth() : restingTitleWidth())
-              const title = () => tab.title ?? "Untitled session"
+              const title = () => (props.controller ? undefined : session()?.title) ?? tab.title ?? "Untitled session"
               const scrolling = () => marquee.active() === tab.sessionID
               const visibleTitleParts = createMemo(() =>
                 scrolling()
@@ -907,14 +909,21 @@ function VerticalSessionTabs(props: {
                         unreadMarker={props.unreadMarker}
                         attributes={selected() ? TextAttributes.BOLD : undefined}
                       />
-                      <text
+                      <title_shimmer
                         width={titleWidth()}
+                        height={1}
                         fg={foreground()}
+                        rename={{ pending: status().renaming, title: title() }}
+                        enabled={animations()}
+                        backdrop={pulseBackground()}
                         wrapMode="none"
                         selectable={false}
                         attributes={
-                          (selected() ? TextAttributes.BOLD : 0) |
-                            (tabs.isPreview?.(tab.sessionID) ? TextAttributes.ITALIC : 0) || undefined
+                          (status().renaming && !animations()
+                            ? TextAttributes.DIM
+                            : selected()
+                              ? TextAttributes.BOLD
+                              : 0) | (tabs.isPreview?.(tab.sessionID) ? TextAttributes.ITALIC : 0) || undefined
                         }
                       >
                         <Show
@@ -927,7 +936,7 @@ function VerticalSessionTabs(props: {
                             )}
                           </Index>
                         </Show>
-                      </text>
+                      </title_shimmer>
                       <text
                         position="absolute"
                         right={1}
@@ -1075,6 +1084,7 @@ function HorizontalSessionTabs(props: {
   numbers: boolean
 }) {
   const tabs = props.controller ?? useSessionTabs()
+  const data = props.controller ? undefined : useData()
   const dimensions = useTerminalDimensions()
   const theme = useTheme()
   const config = useConfig().data
@@ -1364,7 +1374,7 @@ function HorizontalSessionTabs(props: {
           const glowColor = createMemo(() => tint(background(), feedbackColor() ?? unreadColor(), glowLevel()))
           const glows = () =>
             Boolean(status().attention || (!selected() && !status().busy && status().unread !== undefined))
-          const title = () => tab.title ?? "Untitled session"
+          const title = () => data?.session.get(tab.sessionID)?.title ?? tab.title ?? "Untitled session"
           const tabNumber = createMemo(() => items().findIndex((item) => item.sessionID === tab.sessionID) + 1)
           const numberWidth = () => Math.max(2, String(items().length).length)
           // Hovering reveals the close mark, so the title's right bound shifts left of it.
@@ -1492,13 +1502,18 @@ function HorizontalSessionTabs(props: {
                   unreadMarker={props.unreadMarker}
                   attributes={bold()}
                 />
-                <text
+                <title_shimmer
                   width={availableTitleWidth()}
+                  height={1}
                   fg={foreground()}
+                  rename={{ pending: status().renaming, title: title() }}
+                  enabled={animations()}
+                  backdrop={background()}
                   wrapMode="none"
                   selectable={false}
                   attributes={
-                    (bold() ?? 0) | (tabs.isPreview?.(tab.sessionID) ? TextAttributes.ITALIC : 0) || undefined
+                    (status().renaming && !animations() ? TextAttributes.DIM : (bold() ?? 0)) |
+                      (tabs.isPreview?.(tab.sessionID) ? TextAttributes.ITALIC : 0) || undefined
                   }
                 >
                   <Show when={scrolling() || glows() || titleFades()} fallback={visibleTitle()}>
@@ -1508,7 +1523,7 @@ function HorizontalSessionTabs(props: {
                       )}
                     </Index>
                   </Show>
-                </text>
+                </title_shimmer>
                 <text
                   position="absolute"
                   right={1}

packages/tui/src/component/tab-pulse.tsx

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ type TabPulseOptions = RenderableOptions<TabPulseRenderable> & {
 }
 
 const clamp = (value: number) => Math.max(0, Math.min(1, value))
-const smootherstep = (value: number) => value * value * value * (value * (value * 6 - 15) + 10)
+export const smootherstep = (value: number) => value * value * value * (value * (value * 6 - 15) + 10)
 const RUN_DURATION = 2_800
 const RUN_ATTACK = 450
 const RUN_HEAD = 4
@@ -53,11 +53,11 @@ const GLOW_RELEASE_PEAK = 1.25
 const GLOW_TAIL = 12
 const GLOW_OPACITY = 0.16
 const DEFAULT_FOREGROUND = RGBA.defaultForeground()
-const intensityAt = (index: number, front: number, head: number, tail: number) => {
+export const intensityAt = (index: number, front: number, head: number, tail: number) => {
   const distance = front - index
   return distance < 0 ? smootherstep(clamp(1 + distance / head)) : smootherstep(clamp(1 - distance / tail))
 }
-const coast = (value: number) => {
+export const coast = (value: number) => {
   const ramp = 0.2
   if (value < ramp) return (value * value) / (2 * ramp * (1 - ramp))
   if (value > 1 - ramp) return 1 - ((1 - value) * (1 - value)) / (2 * ramp * (1 - ramp))

packages/tui/src/component/title-shimmer.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,269 @@
+import {
+  BoxRenderable,
+  OptimizedBuffer,
+  RGBA,
+  TargetChannel,
+  TextRenderable,
+  type RenderContext,
+  type TextOptions,
+} from "@opentui/core"
+import { extend } from "@opentui/solid"
+import { coast, intensityAt, smootherstep } from "./tab-pulse"
+
+type TitleShimmerOptions = TextOptions & {
+  rename?: { title: string; pending: boolean }
+  enabled?: boolean
+  backdrop?: RGBA
+}
+
+const SHIMMER_DURATION = 1200
+const SHIMMER_FADE = 240
+const ARRIVAL_DURATION = 450
+const WIPE_FEATHER = 4
+const TRANSPARENT = RGBA.fromValues(0, 0, 0, 0)
+// Native text draws wide glyphs as a head followed by flagged continuation cells.
+const CONTINUATION = 0xc0000000 | 0
+
+export class TitleShimmerRenderable extends TextRenderable {
+  private _rename: TitleShimmerOptions["rename"]
+  private _enabled: boolean
+  private _backdrop: RGBA
+  private pendingTitle: string | undefined
+  private elapsed = 0
+  private blend = 0
+  private fresh = true
+  private arrival: number | undefined
+  private scratch: OptimizedBuffer | undefined
+  private previous: OptimizedBuffer | undefined
+  private mask = new Float32Array(0)
+  private matrix = new Float32Array(16)
+
+  constructor(ctx: RenderContext, options: TitleShimmerOptions) {
+    super(ctx, options)
+    this._rename = options.rename
+    this.pendingTitle = options.rename?.title
+    this._enabled = options.enabled ?? true
+    this._backdrop = options.backdrop ?? RGBA.defaultBackground()
+    this.matrix[15] = 1
+    this.updateBackdrop()
+    this.live = this.animating
+  }
+
+  private get animating() {
+    return this._enabled && (this.shimmering || this.arrival !== undefined || this.blend > 0)
+  }
+
+  private get shimmering() {
+    return this._rename?.pending && this._rename.title === this.pendingTitle
+  }
+
+  set rename(value: TitleShimmerOptions["rename"]) {
+    if (value?.title === this._rename?.title && value?.pending === this._rename?.pending) return
+    if (value?.pending && !this._rename?.pending) {
+      if (this.pendingTitle !== value.title) this.blend = 0
+      this.pendingTitle = value.title
+      if (this.blend === 0) this.elapsed = 0
+      this.arrival = undefined
+      this.previous?.destroy()
+      this.previous = undefined
+    }
+    // Only an automatic rename replaces the last painted title with a wipe.
+    if (value?.title !== this._rename?.title) {
+      this.arrival = value && this._rename?.pending && this._enabled && this.previous ? 0 : undefined
+      if (this.arrival === undefined) this.blend = 0
+    }
+    this._rename = value
+    this.changed()
+  }
+
+  set enabled(value: boolean) {
+    if (value === this._enabled) return
+    this._enabled = value
+    if (!value) {
+      this.arrival = undefined
+      this.blend = 0
+    }
+    this.changed()
+  }
+
+  set backdrop(value: RGBA) {
+    if (value.equals(this._backdrop)) return
+    this._backdrop = value
+    this.updateBackdrop()
+    this.requestRender()
+  }
+
+  private updateBackdrop() {
+    this.matrix[3] = this._backdrop.r
+    this.matrix[7] = this._backdrop.g
+    this.matrix[11] = this._backdrop.b
+  }
+
+  private changed() {
+    if (!this.live && this.animating) this.fresh = true
+    this.live = this.animating
+    if (!this.animating) {
+      this.previous?.destroy()
+      this.previous = undefined
+    }
+    this.requestRender()
+  }
+
+  override render(buffer: OptimizedBuffer, deltaTime: number) {
+    if (!this.visible || this.isDestroyed || !Number.isFinite(this.width) || this.width <= 0 || this.height <= 0) return
+    if (!this.animating) return super.render(buffer, deltaTime)
+    // A newly live title must not inherit time spent idle before its fade started.
+    const delta = this.fresh ? 0 : deltaTime
+    this.fresh = false
+    this.elapsed = (this.elapsed + delta) % SHIMMER_DURATION
+    if (this.arrival !== undefined) {
+      this.arrival += delta
+      if (this.arrival >= ARRIVAL_DURATION) {
+        this.arrival = undefined
+        this.blend = 0
+      }
+    }
+    this.blend = Math.max(
+      0,
+      Math.min(1, this.blend + (this.shimmering || this.arrival !== undefined ? delta : -delta) / SHIMMER_FADE),
+    )
+    this.live = this.animating
+    if (!this.animating) {
+      this.previous?.destroy()
+      this.previous = undefined
+      return super.render(buffer, deltaTime)
+    }
+    if (!this.scratch)
+      this.scratch = OptimizedBuffer.create(this.width, this.height, this._ctx.widthMethod, { respectAlpha: true })
+    if (this.scratch.width !== this.width || this.scratch.height !== this.height)
+      this.scratch.resize(this.width, this.height)
+
+    // Shade locally, then composite: colorMatrix itself does not respect ancestor scissors.
+    this.scratch.clear(TRANSPARENT)
+    // OpenTUI's framebuffer compositor can paint a cut wide glyph. Clip the native text draw first.
+    const clip = {
+      left: Math.max(0, -this.screenX),
+      top: Math.max(0, -this.screenY),
+      right: Math.min(this.width, buffer.width - this.screenX),
+      bottom: Math.min(this.height, buffer.height - this.screenY),
+    }
+    for (let parent = this.parent; parent; parent = parent.parent) {
+      if (parent.overflow === "visible" || parent.width <= 0 || parent.height <= 0) continue
+      const border = parent instanceof BoxRenderable ? parent.border : false
+      const left = Number(border === true || (Array.isArray(border) && border.includes("left")))
+      const top = Number(border === true || (Array.isArray(border) && border.includes("top")))
+      clip.left = Math.max(clip.left, parent.screenX - this.screenX + left)
+      clip.top = Math.max(clip.top, parent.screenY - this.screenY + top)
+      clip.right = Math.min(
+        clip.right,
+        parent.screenX -
+          this.screenX +
+          parent.width -
+          Number(border === true || (Array.isArray(border) && border.includes("right"))),
+      )
+      clip.bottom = Math.min(
+        clip.bottom,
+        parent.screenY -
+          this.screenY +
+          parent.height -
+          Number(border === true || (Array.isArray(border) && border.includes("bottom"))),
+      )
+    }
+    this.scratch.pushScissorRect(
+      clip.left,
+      clip.top,
+      Math.max(0, clip.right - clip.left),
+      Math.max(0, clip.bottom - clip.top),
+    )
+    this.scratch.drawTextBuffer(this.textBufferView, 0, 0)
+    const characters = this.scratch.buffers.char
+    let end = 0
+    for (let row = 0; row < this.height; row++) {
+      let column = this.width
+      while (
+        column > 0 &&
+        (characters[row * this.width + column - 1] === 32 || characters[row * this.width + column - 1] === 0)
+      )
+        column--
+      end = Math.max(end, column)
+    }
+    const wipeFront =
+      this.arrival !== undefined && this.previous
+        ? -WIPE_FEATHER +
+          coast(this.arrival / ARRIVAL_DURATION) * (Math.max(end, this.previous.width) + WIPE_FEATHER * 2)
+        : undefined
+    const cut = Math.max(0, Math.min(this.width, Math.round(wipeFront ?? 0)))
+    if (wipeFront !== undefined && this.previous) {
+      this.scratch.clear(TRANSPARENT)
+      this.scratch.pushScissorRect(0, 0, cut, this.height)
+      this.scratch.drawTextBuffer(this.textBufferView, 0, 0)
+      this.scratch.popScissorRect()
+      // Snapshot slices must also end on whole glyphs; framebuffer clipping alone can split them.
+      for (let row = 0; row < Math.min(this.height, this.previous.height); row++) {
+        let left = Math.max(cut, clip.left)
+        let right = Math.min(this.previous.width, clip.right)
+        const offset = row * this.previous.width
+        while (left < right && (this.previous.buffers.char[offset + left] & CONTINUATION) === CONTINUATION) left++
+        while (
+          right > left &&
+          right < this.previous.width &&
+          (this.previous.buffers.char[offset + right] & CONTINUATION) === CONTINUATION
+        )
+          right--
+        if (right > left) this.scratch.drawFrameBuffer(left, row, this.previous, left, row, right - left, 1)
+      }
+    }
+    this.scratch.clearScissorRects()
+    if (this.mask.length !== this.width * this.height * 3) this.mask = new Float32Array(this.width * this.height * 3)
+    if (wipeFront === undefined) {
+      if (!this.previous)
+        this.previous = OptimizedBuffer.create(Math.max(1, end), this.height, this._ctx.widthMethod, {
+          respectAlpha: true,
+        })
+      if (this.previous.width !== Math.max(1, end) || this.previous.height !== this.height)
+        this.previous.resize(Math.max(1, end), this.height)
+      this.previous.clear(TRANSPARENT)
+      this.previous.drawFrameBuffer(0, 0, this.scratch)
+    }
+    const front = -4 + coast(this.elapsed / SHIMMER_DURATION) * ((this.previous?.width ?? end) + 4 + 18)
+    const level = smootherstep(this.blend)
+    let strength = 0
+    for (let cell = 0; cell < characters.length; cell++) {
+      const column = cell % this.width
+      if ((characters[cell] & CONTINUATION) !== CONTINUATION) {
+        const old = wipeFront === undefined || column >= cut
+        let visibility = old ? 1 - 0.6 * level * (1 - intensityAt(column, front, 4, 18)) : 1
+        if (wipeFront !== undefined) {
+          let width = 1
+          while (column + width < this.width && (characters[cell + width] & CONTINUATION) === CONTINUATION) width++
+          const distance = old ? column - wipeFront : wipeFront - (column + width)
+          visibility *= smootherstep(Math.max(0, Math.min(1, distance / WIPE_FEATHER)))
+        }
+        strength = 1 - visibility
+      }
+      this.mask[cell * 3] = column
+      this.mask[cell * 3 + 1] = Math.floor(cell / this.width)
+      this.mask[cell * 3 + 2] = strength
+    }
+    this.scratch.colorMatrix(this.matrix, this.mask, 1, TargetChannel.FG)
+    buffer.drawFrameBuffer(this.screenX, this.screenY, this.scratch)
+    this.markClean()
+    this._ctx.addToHitGrid(this.screenX, this.screenY, this.width, this.height, this.num)
+  }
+
+  override destroy() {
+    this.previous?.destroy()
+    this.previous = undefined
+    this.scratch?.destroy()
+    this.scratch = undefined
+    super.destroy()
+  }
+}
+
+extend({ title_shimmer: TitleShimmerRenderable })
+
+declare module "@opentui/solid" {
+  interface OpenTUIComponents {
+    title_shimmer: typeof TitleShimmerRenderable
+  }
+}

packages/tui/src/context/data.tsx

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { createData } from "@opencode-ai/client/solid"
 import type { Plugin } from "@opencode-ai/plugin/tui"
+import { createStore } from "solid-js/store"
 import { createSimpleContext } from "./helper"
 import { useClient } from "./client"
 
@@ -17,6 +18,27 @@ export const { use: useData, provider: DataProvider } = createSimpleContext({
       directory: props.directory,
     })
     data satisfies Plugin.Context["data"]
-    return data
+    const [generatingTitles, setGeneratingTitles] = createStore<Record<string, boolean | undefined>>({})
+    return {
+      ...data,
+      session: {
+        ...data.session,
+        title: {
+          pending: (sessionID: string) => generatingTitles[sessionID] === true,
+          async generate(sessionID: string) {
+            if (generatingTitles[sessionID]) return
+            setGeneratingTitles(sessionID, true)
+            await client.api.session
+              .rename({ sessionID, title: "" })
+              .then(() => {
+                // The HTTP response can beat the renamed event. Keep pending until the new title is projected locally.
+                data.session.invalidate(sessionID)
+                return data.session.sync(sessionID)
+              })
+              .finally(() => setGeneratingTitles(sessionID, undefined))
+          },
+        },
+      },
+    }
   },
 })

packages/tui/src/context/session-tabs.tsx

@@ -173,6 +173,7 @@ export const { use: useSessionTabs, provider: SessionTabsProvider } = createSimp
             ? ("question" as const)
             : (false as const),
         busy: members.some((id) => data.session.status(id) === "running" || data.session.pending.list(id).length > 0),
+        renaming: data.session.title.pending(session),
       }
     }
 

packages/tui/src/routes/session/history.ts

@@ -7,25 +7,55 @@ export function createHistoryPrepend(input: {
   active: (sessionID: string) => boolean
   scrollBy: (amount: number) => void
 }) {
-  let loading = false
+  let pending: { scrollBy: number; continuation?: () => void; after?: () => void } | undefined
 
-  return (scrollBy = 0, continuation?: () => void) => {
-    const sessionID = input.sessionID()
-    if (loading || !input.more(sessionID)) return false
-    loading = true
-    const before = input.height()
-    void input.loadMore(sessionID).then(
-      () =>
-        input.afterLayout(() => {
-          loading = false
-          if (!input.active(sessionID)) return
-          input.scrollBy(input.height() - before + scrollBy)
-          continuation?.()
-        }),
-      () => {
-        loading = false
+  return Object.assign(
+    (scrollBy = 0, continuation?: () => void) => {
+      const sessionID = input.sessionID()
+      if (pending) {
+        if (continuation || (!pending.scrollBy && scrollBy)) {
+          pending.scrollBy = scrollBy
+          pending.continuation = continuation
+          return true
+        }
+        return false
+      }
+      if (!input.more(sessionID)) return false
+      const current = { scrollBy, continuation }
+      pending = current
+      const before = input.height()
+      void input.loadMore(sessionID).then(
+        () =>
+          input.afterLayout(() => {
+            if (pending !== current) return
+            const after = pending.after
+            pending = undefined
+            if (!input.active(sessionID)) return
+            input.scrollBy(input.height() - before + current.scrollBy)
+            current.continuation?.()
+            after?.()
+          }),
+        () => {
+          if (pending !== current) return
+          const after = pending.after
+          pending = undefined
+          if (input.active(sessionID)) after?.()
+        },
+      )
+      return true
+    },
+    {
+      cancel() {
+        if (!pending) return
+        pending.continuation = undefined
+        pending.after = undefined
       },
-    )
-    return true
-  }
+      after(continuation: () => void) {
+        if (!pending) return continuation()
+        // A jump supersedes deferred scrolling, but must wait for anchor compensation.
+        pending.scrollBy = 0
+        pending.after = continuation
+      },
+    },
+  )
 }

packages/tui/src/routes/session/index.tsx

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import {
+  batch,
   createContext,
   createEffect,
   createMemo,
@@ -288,6 +289,7 @@ export function Session(props: {
   const boundaryIDs = createMemo(() => new Set(boundaries().filter((id) => id !== undefined)))
   const [navigationMessage, setNavigationMessage] = createSignal<string>()
   const [navigationSlack, setNavigationSlack] = createSignal(0)
+  const [firstJump, setFirstJump] = createSignal<() => void>()
   const [synced, setSynced] = createSignal(false)
   const sessionTabs = useSessionTabs()
   const terminals = useSessionTerminals()
@@ -300,6 +302,9 @@ export function Session(props: {
 
   const clearMessageNavigation = () => {
     ensureAllRowsPending?.splice(0)
+    prependHistory.cancel()
+    firstJump()?.()
+    setFirstJump(undefined)
     setNavigationSlack(0)
     setNavigationMessage(undefined)
   }
@@ -370,6 +375,8 @@ export function Session(props: {
   let awayTimer: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | undefined
   onCleanup(() => {
     if (awayTimer) clearTimeout(awayTimer)
+    prependHistory.cancel()
+    firstJump()?.()
     if (!scroll || scroll.isDestroyed) return
     scroll.verticalScrollBar.off("change", updateAwayFromBottom)
     saveScrollAnchor()
@@ -452,6 +459,7 @@ export function Session(props: {
   }
   /** Message navigation needs the full transcript mounted before walking or jumping. */
   const ensureAllRows = (continuation: () => void) => {
+    if (firstJump()) clearMessageNavigation()
     if (!ensureAllRowsPending && hidden() === 0 && visibleEnd() === rows.length) return continuation()
     if (ensureAllRowsPending) {
       ensureAllRowsPending.push(continuation)
@@ -469,12 +477,13 @@ export function Session(props: {
   }
 
   function isAwayFromBottom() {
-    if (revealingOlderRows || revealingNewerRows || ensureAllRowsPending || navigationMessage()) return true
+    if (revealingOlderRows || revealingNewerRows || ensureAllRowsPending || navigationMessage() || firstJump())
+      return true
     if (visibleEnd() < rows.length) return true
     return scroll.scrollTop < Math.max(0, scroll.scrollHeight - scroll.viewport.height)
   }
   function updateAwayFromBottom() {
-    const preserveWindow = revealingOlderRows || revealingNewerRows || !!ensureAllRowsPending
+    const preserveWindow = revealingOlderRows || revealingNewerRows || !!ensureAllRowsPending || !!firstJump()
     if (isAwayFromBottom()) setHiddenRows((current) => current ?? hidden())
     if (awayTimer) clearTimeout(awayTimer)
     awayTimer = setTimeout(() => {
@@ -659,6 +668,7 @@ export function Session(props: {
     })
 
   const jumpToBackgroundTool = (target: BackgroundToolTarget, beforeMessageID: string) => {
+    if (firstJump()) clearMessageNavigation()
     const jump = () => {
       const index = backgroundToolRowIndex(rows, messages(), target, beforeMessageID)
       if (index === -1) {
@@ -759,17 +769,65 @@ export function Session(props: {
       group: "Session",
       palette: undefined,
       run: () => {
+        if (firstJump()) return
         clearMessageNavigation()
-        const first = () => {
-          if (data.session.message.more(route.sessionID)) {
-            prependHistory(0, first)
-            return
+        const request = new AbortController()
+        const cancel = () => request.abort()
+        setFirstJump(() => cancel)
+        const start = () => {
+          if (firstJump() !== cancel || scroll.isDestroyed) return
+          if (revealingOlderRows || revealingNewerRows || ensureAllRowsPending) return afterLayout(start)
+          const previous = { start: hiddenRows(), end: visibleRowsEnd() }
+          const restore = () => {
+            cancel()
+            batch(() => {
+              setHiddenRows(previous.start)
+              setVisibleRowsEnd(previous.end)
+            })
           }
-          ensureAllRows(() => {
-            scroll.scrollTo(0)
+          const commit = () => {
+            if (firstJump() !== restore || scroll.isDestroyed) return
+            scroll.stickyScroll = false
+            batch(() => {
+              setHiddenRows(0)
+              setVisibleRowsEnd(TRANSCRIPT_BACKFILL_CHUNK)
+              setFirstJump(() => cancel)
+            })
+          }
+          // Pin both ends until the head budget commits in the same batch as history.
+          batch(() => {
+            setFirstJump(() => restore)
+            setHiddenRows(hidden())
+            setVisibleRowsEnd(visibleEnd())
           })
+          void data.session.message
+            .loadMore(route.sessionID, {
+              all: true,
+              signal: request.signal,
+              beforePublish: commit,
+            })
+            .then(
+              () => {
+                commit()
+                if (firstJump() !== cancel || scroll.isDestroyed) return
+                if (rows.length <= TRANSCRIPT_BACKFILL_CHUNK) setVisibleRowsEnd(undefined)
+                scroll.scrollTo(0)
+                afterLayout(() => {
+                  if (firstJump() !== cancel) return
+                  scroll.scrollTo(0)
+                  setFirstJump(undefined)
+                  updateAwayFromBottom()
+                })
+              },
+              (error) => {
+                if (firstJump() !== restore || scroll.isDestroyed) return
+                clearMessageNavigation()
+                toast.error(error)
+                updateAwayFromBottom()
+              },
+            )
         }
-        first()
+        prependHistory.after(start)
         dialog.clear()
       },
     },
@@ -801,9 +859,12 @@ export function Session(props: {
       slash: { name: "rename", arguments: true as const },
       run: (input?: string) => {
         if (input === undefined) return DialogSessionRename.show(dialog, route.sessionID, session()?.title)
-        void client.api.session
-          .rename({ sessionID: route.sessionID, title: input.trim() })
-          .catch((error) => toast.error(error))
+        const title = input.trim()
+        void (
+          title
+            ? client.api.session.rename({ sessionID: route.sessionID, title })
+            : data.session.title.generate(route.sessionID)
+        ).catch((error) => toast.error(error))
       },
     },
     {
@@ -1325,6 +1386,7 @@ export function Session(props: {
                 flexGrow={1}
                 scrollAcceleration={scrollAcceleration()}
                 onMouseScroll={(event) => {
+                  if (firstJump()) clearMessageNavigation()
                   if (event.scroll?.direction === "up" && revealOlderRows()) return
                   if (event.scroll?.direction === "down" && revealNewerRows()) return
                   updateAwayFromBottom()
@@ -1352,7 +1414,10 @@ export function Session(props: {
               </scrollbox>
             </box>
             <box height={1} flexShrink={0} flexDirection="row" justifyContent="flex-end">
-              <Show when={awayFromBottom()}>
+              <Show when={firstJump()}>
+                <text fg={theme.text.feedback.info.default}>Loading session history...</text>
+              </Show>
+              <Show when={!firstJump() && awayFromBottom()}>
                 <box
                   id="session-jump-to-latest"
                   paddingLeft={1}

packages/tui/src/routes/session/sidebar.tsx

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ import { useTheme } from "../../context/theme"
 import { useConfig } from "../../config"
 import { Slot } from "../../plugin/render"
 import { withTimestampedFallback } from "@opencode-ai/util/session-title-fallback"
+import { TextAttributes } from "@opentui/core"
+import "../../component/title-shimmer"
 
 import { getScrollAcceleration } from "../../util/scroll"
 import { SESSION_SIDEBAR_WIDTH } from "../../ui/layout"
@@ -45,11 +47,24 @@ export function Sidebar(props: { sessionID: string; overlay?: boolean }) {
         >
           <box flexShrink={0} gap={1} paddingRight={1}>
             <box paddingRight={1}>
-              <text fg={theme.text.default}>
-                <b>{withTimestampedFallback(session()!)}</b>
-              </text>
-              <Show when={session()!.location.workspaceID}>
-                <text fg={theme.text.subdued}>{session()!.location.workspaceID}</text>
+              <title_shimmer
+                fg={theme.text.default}
+                rename={{
+                  pending: data.session.title.pending(props.sessionID),
+                  title: withTimestampedFallback(session()),
+                }}
+                enabled={config.animations ?? true}
+                backdrop={theme.background.default}
+                attributes={
+                  data.session.title.pending(props.sessionID) && config.animations === false
+                    ? TextAttributes.DIM
+                    : TextAttributes.BOLD
+                }
+              >
+                {withTimestampedFallback(session())}
+              </title_shimmer>
+              <Show when={session().location.workspaceID}>
+                <text fg={theme.text.subdued}>{session().location.workspaceID}</text>
               </Show>
             </box>
             <Slot path="sidebar.content" input={{ sessionID: props.sessionID }} />

packages/tui/test/app-lifecycle.test.tsx

@@ -223,6 +223,87 @@ test("session title generated while an untitled session is loading remains visib
   }
 })
 
+test("automatic rename refreshes the displayed title before settling, even without a renamed event", async () => {
+  await using state = await tmpdir()
+  const setup = await createTestRenderer({ width: 90, height: 20, useThread: false, kittyKeyboard: true })
+  setup.renderer.start()
+  const events = createEventStream()
+  const response = Promise.withResolvers<Response>()
+  const bodies: unknown[] = []
+  const location = { directory, project: { id: "project", directory, canonical: directory } }
+  const session = {
+    id: "ses_rename",
+    title: "Compiler cleanup",
+    projectID: "project",
+    location: { directory },
+    agent: "build",
+    model: { providerID: "provider", id: "model" },
+    cost: 0,
+    tokens: { input: 0, output: 0, reasoning: 0, cache: { read: 0, write: 0 } },
+    time: { created: 0, updated: 0 },
+  }
+  const calls = createFetch(async (url, request) => {
+    if (url.pathname === "/api/location") return json(location)
+    if (url.pathname === "/api/agent")
+      return json({ location, data: [{ id: "build", mode: "primary", hidden: false, permissions: [] }] })
+    if (url.pathname === "/api/model")
+      return json({ location, data: [{ id: "model", providerID: "provider", name: "Model", variants: [] }] })
+    if (url.pathname === "/api/provider") return json({ location, data: [{ id: "provider", name: "Provider" }] })
+    if (url.pathname === "/api/session") return json({ data: [], cursor: {} })
+    if (url.pathname === "/api/session/ses_rename") return json({ data: session })
+    if (/^\/api\/session\/ses_rename\/(message|inbox|permission)$/.test(url.pathname))
+      return json({ data: [], cursor: {} })
+    if (url.pathname === "/api/session/ses_rename/rename") {
+      bodies.push(await request.json())
+      return response.promise
+    }
+    return undefined
+  }, events)
+  const server = Bun.serve({ port: 0, fetch: (request) => calls.fetch(request) })
+
+  try {
+    const { run } = await import("../src/app")
+    const task = Effect.runPromise(
+      run({
+        app: { name: "test", version: "test", channel: "test" },
+        server: { endpoint: { url: server.url.toString() } },
+        config: {
+          get: async () => ({
+            tabs: { enabled: true, layout: "vertical" },
+            session: { sidebar: "hide" },
+          }),
+          update: async () => ({}),
+        },
+        packages: { resolve: async () => undefined },
+        terminalHandoff: async () => ({ renderer: setup.renderer, mode: "dark", complete: () => {} }),
+        args: { sessionID: session.id },
+        log: () => {},
+      }).pipe(Effect.provide(Global.layerWith({ state: state.path })), Effect.provide(FileSystem.layerNoop({}))),
+    )
+
+    await setup.waitForFrame((frame) => frame.includes(session.title) && frame.includes("Build · Model Provider"))
+    await setup.mockInput.typeText("/rename")
+    setup.mockInput.pressEscape()
+    setup.mockInput.pressEnter()
+    await setup.waitFor(() => bodies.length === 1)
+    await setup.renderOnce()
+    expect(bodies[0]).toEqual({ title: "" })
+    expect(setup.captureCharFrame()).toContain("Compiler cleanup")
+
+    session.title = "Simplify compiler parsing"
+    response.resolve(new Response(null, { status: 204 }))
+    await setup.waitForFrame((frame) => frame.includes(session.title), { maxPasses: 60 })
+    expect(setup.captureCharFrame()).not.toContain("Compiler cleanup")
+
+    setup.renderer.destroy()
+    await task
+  } finally {
+    response.resolve(new Response(null, { status: 204 }))
+    if (!setup.renderer.isDestroyed) setup.renderer.destroy()
+    await server.stop()
+  }
+})
+
 test("session startup prompt is submitted exactly once", async () => {
   const setup = await createTestRenderer({ width: 80, height: 24, useThread: false })
   const events = createEventStream()

packages/tui/test/cli/tui/session-history.test.ts

@@ -101,3 +101,37 @@ test("continues navigation after the prepended page is laid out", async () => {
 
   expect(events).toEqual(["loaded", "layout", "anchored", "continued"])
 })
+
+test.each(["success", "failure", "cancel", "takeover"])("settles superseded prepend navigation (%s)", async (mode) => {
+  const load = Promise.withResolvers<void>()
+  const layout: (() => void)[] = []
+  const events: (number | string)[] = []
+  let height = 100
+  const prepend = createHistoryPrepend({
+    sessionID: () => "session-1",
+    more: () => true,
+    loadMore: () => load.promise,
+    height: () => height,
+    afterLayout: (continuation) => layout.push(continuation),
+    active: () => true,
+    scrollBy: (amount) => events.push(amount),
+  })
+  prepend(-4, () => events.push("obsolete"))
+  prepend.cancel()
+  prepend.after(() => events.push("jump"))
+  if (mode === "cancel" || mode === "takeover") prepend.cancel()
+  if (mode === "takeover") expect(prepend(-8)).toBe(true)
+  if (mode === "failure") load.reject(new Error("offline"))
+  if (mode !== "failure") {
+    height = 160
+    load.resolve()
+  }
+  await Promise.resolve()
+  expect(events).toEqual(mode === "failure" ? ["jump"] : [])
+  layout.shift()?.()
+  expect(events).toEqual(
+    mode === "failure" ? ["jump"] : mode === "success" ? [60, "jump"] : mode === "takeover" ? [52] : [60],
+  )
+  prepend.after(() => events.push("idle"))
+  expect(events.at(-1)).toBe("idle")
+})

packages/tui/test/component/title-shimmer.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+import { expect, test } from "bun:test"
+import { BoxRenderable, RGBA, TextAttributes, TextRenderable } from "@opentui/core"
+import { createTestRenderer, ManualClock } from "@opentui/core/testing"
+import { TitleShimmerRenderable } from "../../src/component/title-shimmer"
+
+test("shimmer fades in from idle and fades out on unchanged completion", async () => {
+  const clock = new ManualClock()
+  const app = await createTestRenderer({ width: 24, height: 1, useThread: false, clock })
+  const title = new TitleShimmerRenderable(app.renderer, {
+    width: 24,
+    height: 1,
+    content: "Compiler cleanup",
+    fg: "#eeeeee",
+    backdrop: RGBA.fromHex("#111111"),
+    rename: { title: "Compiler cleanup", pending: false },
+  })
+  app.renderer.root.add(title)
+  try {
+    await app.renderOnce()
+    const frame = app.captureCharFrame()
+    const colors = app.captureSpans()
+    clock.advance(2000)
+    title.rename = { title: "Compiler cleanup", pending: true }
+    await app.renderOnce()
+    expect(app.captureSpans()).toEqual(colors)
+    clock.advance(120)
+    await app.renderOnce()
+    const middle = app.captureSpans().lines[0].spans.findLast((span) => span.text.trim())?.fg.r ?? 0
+    expect(middle).toBeLessThan(colors.lines[0].spans[0].fg.r)
+    clock.advance(120)
+    await app.renderOnce()
+    expect(app.captureSpans().lines[0].spans.findLast((span) => span.text.trim())?.fg.r ?? 0).toBeLessThan(middle)
+    expect(app.captureSpans()).not.toEqual(colors)
+    expect(app.captureCharFrame()).toBe(frame)
+    title.rename = { title: "Compiler cleanup", pending: false }
+    await app.renderOnce()
+    expect(app.renderer.root.liveCount).toBe(1)
+    clock.advance(240)
+    await app.renderOnce()
+    expect(app.renderer.root.liveCount).toBe(0)
+    expect(app.captureSpans()).toEqual(colors)
+    title.enabled = false
+    title.rename = { title: "Compiler cleanup", pending: true }
+    await app.renderOnce()
+    expect(app.renderer.root.liveCount).toBe(0)
+  } finally {
+    app.renderer.destroy()
+  }
+})
+
+test("a feathered wipe keeps the old shimmer moving without dimming the revealed new title", async () => {
+  const clock = new ManualClock()
+  const app = await createTestRenderer({ width: 16, height: 1, useThread: false, clock })
+  const title = new TitleShimmerRenderable(app.renderer, {
+    width: 16,
+    height: 1,
+    content: "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP",
+    fg: "#eeeeee",
+    attributes: TextAttributes.ITALIC,
+    backdrop: RGBA.fromHex("#111111"),
+    rename: { title: "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP", pending: true },
+  })
+  app.renderer.root.add(title)
+  try {
+    await app.renderOnce()
+    clock.advance(600)
+    await app.renderOnce()
+    const colors = app.captureSpans()
+    title.content = "abcdefghijklmnop"
+    title.rename = { title: "abcdefghijklmnop", pending: true }
+    await app.renderOnce()
+    expect(app.captureCharFrame().trim()).toBe("ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP")
+    expect(app.captureSpans()).toEqual(colors)
+    clock.advance(225)
+    await app.renderOnce()
+    expect(app.captureCharFrame().trim()).toBe("abcdefghIJKLMNOP")
+    const spans = app.captureSpans().lines[0].spans
+    expect(spans[0].fg.equals(RGBA.fromHex("#eeeeee"))).toBe(true)
+    expect(spans.some((span) => span.fg.equals(RGBA.fromHex("#111111")))).toBe(true)
+    expect(spans.at(-1)?.fg.toInts()).not.toEqual(colors.lines[0].spans.at(-1)?.fg.toInts())
+    expect(spans.every((span) => Boolean(span.attributes & TextAttributes.ITALIC))).toBe(true)
+    clock.advance(225)
+    await app.renderOnce()
+    expect(app.captureCharFrame().trim()).toBe("abcdefghijklmnop")
+    expect(app.renderer.root.liveCount).toBe(0)
+
+    title.rename = { title: "abcdefghijklmnop", pending: false }
+    title.content = "Manual"
+    title.rename = { title: "Manual", pending: false }
+    await app.renderOnce()
+    expect(app.captureCharFrame().trim()).toBe("Manual")
+    expect(app.renderer.root.liveCount).toBe(0)
+
+    title.rename = { title: "Manual", pending: true }
+    await app.renderOnce()
+    title.content = "Next"
+    title.rename = { title: "Next", pending: false }
+    title.enabled = false
+    await app.renderOnce()
+    expect(app.captureCharFrame().trim()).toBe("Next")
+    title.enabled = true
+    expect(app.renderer.root.liveCount).toBe(0)
+  } finally {
+    app.renderer.destroy()
+  }
+})
+
+test("native Unicode clipping and shorter replacement leave no split glyphs or old tail", async () => {
+  const clock = new ManualClock()
+  const app = await createTestRenderer({ width: 24, height: 3, useThread: false, clock })
+  const content = "A\u65e5B \u{1f680} cafe\u0301"
+  const title = new TitleShimmerRenderable(app.renderer, {
+    width: 20,
+    height: 1,
+    content,
+    fg: "#eeeeee",
+    wrapMode: "none",
+    backdrop: RGBA.fromHex("#111111"),
+    rename: { title: content, pending: true },
+  })
+  const plain = new TextRenderable(app.renderer, { width: 20, height: 1, content, wrapMode: "none" })
+  const shadedBox = new BoxRenderable(app.renderer, { width: 6, height: 1, marginLeft: 2, overflow: "hidden" })
+  const plainBox = new BoxRenderable(app.renderer, { width: 6, height: 1, marginLeft: 2, overflow: "hidden" })
+  shadedBox.add(title)
+  plainBox.add(plain)
+  app.renderer.root.add(shadedBox)
+  app.renderer.root.add(plainBox)
+  app.renderer.root.add(new TextRenderable(app.renderer, { content: "untouched" }))
+  try {
+    await app.renderOnce()
+    expect(app.captureCharFrame().split("\n")[0]).toBe(app.captureCharFrame().split("\n")[1])
+    title.content = "Short"
+    title.rename = { title: "Short", pending: false }
+    clock.advance(200)
+    await app.renderOnce()
+    expect(app.captureCharFrame().split("\n")[0].trim()).toBe("Sh B")
+    expect(app.captureCharFrame().split("\n")[2]).toContain("untouched")
+    clock.advance(250)
+    await app.renderOnce()
+    expect(app.captureCharFrame().split("\n")[0].trim()).toBe("Short")
+    expect(app.renderer.root.liveCount).toBe(0)
+  } finally {
+    app.renderer.destroy()
+  }
+})

packages/tui/test/session-home.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,389 @@
+import { expect, test } from "bun:test"
+import { type Renderable, ScrollBoxRenderable } from "@opentui/core"
+import { createTestRenderer } from "@opentui/core/testing"
+import { Effect, FileSystem } from "effect"
+import { Global } from "@opencode-ai/util/global"
+import { createEventStream, createFetch, directory, json } from "./fixture/tui-client"
+import { tmpdir } from "./fixture/fixture"
+
+test.each([
+  "bottom",
+  "scrolled",
+  "cancel",
+  "scroll-cancel",
+  "up-cancel",
+  "mouse-cancel",
+  "page-cancel",
+  "failure",
+  "mixed",
+  "close",
+  "resize-cancel",
+  "settling",
+  "settling-scrolled",
+  "settling-reveal",
+  "prepend",
+  "prepend-navigation",
+  "prepend-failure",
+])("Home loads a stable, bounded beginning (%s)", async (mode) => {
+  await using state = await tmpdir()
+  const setup = await createTestRenderer({ width: 100, height: 30, useThread: false, kittyKeyboard: true })
+  setup.renderer.start()
+  const session = {
+    id: "dummy",
+    title: "Long history",
+    projectID: "project",
+    location: { directory },
+    cost: 0,
+    tokens: { input: 0, output: 0, reasoning: 0, cache: { read: 0, write: 0 } },
+    time: { created: 0, updated: 0 },
+  }
+  const messages = Array.from({ length: 400 }, (_, index) =>
+    mode === "mixed" && index % 2
+      ? {
+          id: `message-${index}`,
+          type: "assistant",
+          agent: "build",
+          model: { providerID: "demo", id: "demo-model" },
+          content: [{ type: "text", text: `History message ${String(index).padStart(4, "0")}` }],
+          finish: "stop",
+          time: { created: index, completed: index + 1 },
+        }
+      : {
+          id: `message-${index}`,
+          type: "user",
+          text: `History message ${String(index).padStart(4, "0")}`,
+          time: { created: index },
+        },
+  )
+  const pages: { end: number; limit: number }[] = []
+  const release = Promise.withResolvers<void>()
+  const finish = Promise.withResolvers<void>()
+  const prior = Promise.withResolvers<void>()
+  const aborted = Promise.withResolvers<void>()
+  const events = createEventStream()
+  const calls = createFetch(async (url, request) => {
+    if (url.pathname === "/api/session") return json({ data: [session], cursor: {} })
+    if (url.pathname === "/api/session/dummy") return json({ data: session })
+    if (url.pathname === "/api/session/dummy/message") {
+      const end = Number(url.searchParams.get("cursor") ?? messages.length)
+      const limit = Number(url.searchParams.get("limit"))
+      const start = Math.max(0, end - limit)
+      pages.push({ end, limit })
+      if (end < messages.length) {
+        request.signal.addEventListener("abort", () => aborted.resolve(), { once: true })
+        await (mode.startsWith("prepend") && limit === 20 ? prior.promise : release.promise)
+      }
+      if (end === 0) await finish.promise
+      if (mode === "failure" && end === 0 && pages.filter((page) => page.end === 0).length === 1)
+        return json({ message: "offline" }, { status: 503 })
+      if (mode === "prepend-failure" && limit === 200) return json({ message: "offline" }, { status: 503 })
+      return json({ data: messages.slice(start, end).toReversed(), cursor: end ? { next: String(start) } : {} })
+    }
+    if (url.pathname === "/api/session/dummy/inbox") return json({ data: [] })
+    if (url.pathname === "/api/session/dummy/permission") return json({ data: [] })
+    return undefined
+  }, events)
+  const server = Bun.serve({ port: 0, idleTimeout: 0, fetch: (request) => calls.fetch(request) })
+
+  const { run } = await import("../src/app")
+  const task = Effect.runPromise(
+    run({
+      app: { name: "test", version: "test", channel: "test" },
+      server: { endpoint: { url: server.url.toString() } },
+      config: {
+        get: async () => ({
+          animations: false,
+          tabs: { enabled: false },
+          keybinds: {
+            "session.line.up": "f6",
+            "session.page.down": "f7",
+            "session.page.up": "f8",
+            "session.message.previous": "f9",
+          },
+        }),
+        update: async () => ({}),
+      },
+      packages: { resolve: async () => undefined },
+      terminalHandoff: async () => ({ renderer: setup.renderer, mode: "dark", complete: () => {} }),
+      args: { sessionID: "dummy" },
+      log: () => {},
+    }).pipe(Effect.provide(Global.layerWith({ state: state.path })), Effect.provide(FileSystem.layerNoop({}))),
+  )
+  try {
+    await setup.waitForFrame((frame) => frame.includes("History message 0399"))
+    const findScrollBox = (root: Renderable): ScrollBoxRenderable | undefined =>
+      root instanceof ScrollBoxRenderable && root.getRenderable("message-399")
+        ? root
+        : root.getChildren().map(findScrollBox).find(Boolean)
+    const scroll = findScrollBox(setup.renderer.root)
+    if (!scroll) throw new Error("session transcript scrollbox was not found")
+    const mounted = () => scroll.getChildren().filter((child) => child.id?.startsWith("message-"))
+    const maximum = () => Math.max(0, scroll.scrollHeight - scroll.viewport.height)
+    if (mode === "scrolled" || mode === "cancel" || mode === "settling-scrolled") {
+      setup.mockInput.pressKey("F6")
+      await setup.waitForFrame((frame) => frame.includes("Jump to latest"))
+    }
+    if (mode === "page-cancel" || mode.startsWith("prepend")) {
+      scroll.scrollTo(0)
+      await setup.waitForFrame((frame) => frame.includes("History message 0380"))
+    }
+    await setup.waitForVisualIdle()
+    const visible = () =>
+      JSON.stringify(
+        setup
+          .captureCharFrame()
+          .split("\n")
+          .flatMap((line, y) => {
+            const message = line.match(/History message (\d{4})/)
+            // Markdown fills asynchronously; stable user rows are the viewport anchors.
+            if (mode === "mixed" && message && messages[Number(message[1])]?.type === "assistant") return []
+            return message ? [{ line: message[0], x: message.index, y }] : []
+          }),
+      )
+    const before = visible()
+    const frames = [before]
+    const mountCounts: number[] = []
+    let navigated = false
+    const capture = () => {
+      if (visible() !== frames.at(-1)) frames.push(visible())
+      if (mode !== "settling-reveal" || scroll.getRenderable("message-0")) mountCounts.push(mounted().length)
+      if (
+        mode.startsWith("settling") &&
+        !navigated &&
+        setup.captureCharFrame().includes("History message 0000") &&
+        setup.captureCharFrame().includes("Loading session history")
+      ) {
+        navigated = true
+        setup.mockInput.pressKey("F7")
+      }
+    }
+    setup.renderer.on("frame", capture)
+
+    if (mode.startsWith("prepend")) {
+      setup.mockInput.pressKey(mode === "prepend-navigation" ? "F9" : "F8")
+      await setup.waitFor(() => pages.length === 2)
+      setup.mockInput.pressKey("HOME")
+      await setup.waitForFrame((frame) => frame.includes("Loading session history"))
+      prior.resolve()
+      await setup.waitFor(() => pages.some((page) => page.end === 360 && page.limit === 200))
+      await setup.waitForVisualIdle()
+      expect(visible()).toBe(before)
+      expect(setup.captureCharFrame()).toContain("Loading session history")
+      expect(pages).toEqual([
+        { end: 400, limit: 20 },
+        { end: 380, limit: 20 },
+        { end: 360, limit: 200 },
+      ])
+      release.resolve()
+      finish.resolve()
+      if (mode === "prepend-failure") {
+        await setup.waitForFrame((frame) => !frame.includes("Loading session history"))
+        expect(visible()).toBe(before)
+        expect(mounted()).toHaveLength(40)
+        return
+      }
+      await setup.waitForFrame(
+        (frame) => frame.includes("History message 0000") && !frame.includes("Loading session history"),
+      )
+      expect(mounted()).toHaveLength(60)
+      expect(pages).toHaveLength(5)
+      return
+    }
+    setup.mockInput.pressKey("HOME")
+    await setup.waitForFrame((frame) => frame.includes("Loading session history..."))
+    setup.mockInput.pressKey("HOME")
+    await setup.waitForVisualIdle()
+    expect(pages).toEqual([
+      { end: 400, limit: 20 },
+      { end: 380, limit: 200 },
+    ])
+    expect(frames).toEqual([before])
+
+    if (mode === "close" || mode === "resize-cancel") {
+      if (mode === "close") setup.renderer.destroy()
+      if (mode === "resize-cancel") {
+        setup.resize(60, 22)
+        await setup.waitForFrame(
+          (frame) => frame.includes("History message 0399") && !frame.includes("Loading session history"),
+        )
+      }
+      await aborted.promise
+      release.resolve()
+      finish.resolve()
+      if (mode === "close") await task
+      if (mode === "resize-cancel") await setup.waitForVisualIdle({ quietFrames: 4 })
+      expect(pages).toHaveLength(2)
+      return
+    }
+    if (mode === "mixed") {
+      release.resolve()
+      finish.resolve()
+      await setup.waitForFrame(
+        (frame) => frame.includes("History message 0000") && !frame.includes("Loading session history"),
+      )
+      await setup.waitForVisualIdle()
+      expect(frames).toEqual([before, visible()])
+      expect(setup.captureCharFrame()).toContain("History message 0001")
+      expect(mounted().map((child) => child.id)).toEqual(messages.slice(0, 40).map((message) => message.id))
+      expect(scroll.scrollTop).toBe(0)
+      expect(Math.max(...mountCounts)).toBeLessThanOrEqual(60)
+      return
+    }
+    if (mode.startsWith("settling")) {
+      release.resolve()
+      finish.resolve()
+      await setup.waitFor(() => navigated)
+      await setup.waitForVisualIdle()
+      expect(mounted().map((child) => child.id)).toEqual(messages.slice(0, 60).map((message) => message.id))
+      expect(scroll.scrollTop).toBeGreaterThan(0)
+      setup.mockInput.pressKey("END")
+      await setup.waitForFrame((frame) => frame.includes("History message 0399") && !frame.includes("Jump to latest"))
+      await setup.waitFor(() => scroll.scrollTop === maximum())
+      if (mode === "settling-reveal") {
+        scroll.scrollTo(0)
+        await setup.waitForFrame((frame) => frame.includes("History message 0360"))
+        setup.mockInput.pressKey("F8")
+      }
+      navigated = false
+      setup.mockInput.pressKey("HOME")
+      await setup.waitFor(() => navigated)
+      await setup.waitForVisualIdle()
+      expect(mounted().map((child) => child.id)).toEqual(messages.slice(0, 60).map((message) => message.id))
+      expect(scroll.scrollTop).toBeGreaterThan(0)
+      expect(scroll.scrollTop).toBeLessThanOrEqual(scroll.height)
+      expect(Math.max(...mountCounts)).toBeLessThanOrEqual(60)
+      expect(pages).toHaveLength(4)
+      return
+    }
+    if (mode === "page-cancel") {
+      setup.mockInput.pressKey("F8")
+      await setup.waitForFrame((frame) => !frame.includes("Loading session history"))
+      release.resolve()
+      finish.resolve()
+      await setup.waitFor(() => Boolean(scroll.getRenderable("message-360")))
+      await setup.waitForVisualIdle()
+      expect(setup.captureCharFrame()).toContain("History message 0379")
+      expect(mounted()).toHaveLength(40)
+      expect(pages).toEqual([
+        { end: 400, limit: 20 },
+        { end: 380, limit: 200 },
+        { end: 380, limit: 20 },
+      ])
+      return
+    }
+    if (mode === "failure") {
+      release.resolve()
+      finish.resolve()
+      await setup.waitForFrame((frame) => !frame.includes("Loading session history"))
+      events.emit({
+        id: "evt_live",
+        created: 400,
+        type: "session.inbox.enqueued",
+        durable: { aggregateID: "dummy", seq: 1, version: 1 },
+        data: {
+          sessionID: "dummy",
+          inboxID: "message-live",
+          item: { type: "user", payload: { text: "Live message after failure" }, delivery: "steer" },
+        },
+      })
+      await setup.waitForFrame((frame) => frame.includes("Live message after failure"))
+      expect(mounted()).toHaveLength(21)
+      setup.mockInput.pressKey("HOME")
+      await setup.waitForFrame(
+        (frame) => frame.includes("History message 0000") && !frame.includes("Loading session history"),
+      )
+      expect(mounted()).toHaveLength(60)
+      return
+    }
+    if (mode === "up-cancel" || mode === "mouse-cancel") {
+      if (mode === "up-cancel") setup.mockInput.pressKey("F6")
+      if (mode === "mouse-cancel") await setup.mockMouse.scroll(scroll.viewport.x + 2, scroll.viewport.y + 2, "up")
+      await setup.waitForFrame(
+        (frame) => frame.includes("Jump to latest") && !frame.includes("Loading session history"),
+      )
+      await setup.waitForVisualIdle()
+      const cancelled = visible()
+      release.resolve()
+      finish.resolve()
+      await setup.waitForVisualIdle({ quietFrames: 4 })
+      expect(visible()).toBe(cancelled)
+      expect(mounted()).toHaveLength(20)
+      expect(pages).toHaveLength(2)
+      return
+    }
+    if (mode.endsWith("cancel")) {
+      setup.mockInput.pressKey(mode === "cancel" ? "END" : "F7")
+      await setup.waitForFrame(
+        (frame) =>
+          frame.includes("History message 0399") &&
+          !frame.includes("Loading session history") &&
+          !frame.includes("Jump to latest"),
+      )
+      await setup.waitFor(() => scroll.scrollTop === maximum())
+      expect(scroll.scrollTop).toBe(maximum())
+      release.resolve()
+      finish.resolve()
+      await setup.waitForVisualIdle({ quietFrames: 4 })
+      expect(scroll.scrollTop).toBe(maximum())
+      expect(mounted()).toHaveLength(20)
+      expect(pages).toHaveLength(2)
+      expect(setup.captureCharFrame()).not.toContain("History message 0000")
+      setup.renderer.off("frame", capture)
+      setup.mockInput.pressKey("HOME")
+    }
+    if (!mode.endsWith("cancel")) {
+      release.resolve()
+      await setup.waitFor(() => pages.some((page) => page.end === 0))
+      await setup.waitForVisualIdle()
+      expect(frames).toEqual([before])
+      finish.resolve()
+    }
+    await setup.waitForFrame(
+      (frame) => frame.includes("History message 0000") && !frame.includes("Loading session history"),
+    )
+    await setup.waitForVisualIdle()
+    if (!mode.endsWith("cancel")) expect(frames).toEqual([before, visible()])
+    setup.renderer.off("frame", capture)
+    expect(Math.max(...mountCounts)).toBeLessThanOrEqual(60)
+    expect(mounted().map((child) => child.id)).toEqual(messages.slice(0, 60).map((message) => message.id))
+    expect(scroll.scrollTop).toBe(0)
+    expect(pages).toEqual([
+      { end: 400, limit: 20 },
+      ...(mode.endsWith("cancel") ? [{ end: 380, limit: 200 }] : []),
+      { end: 380, limit: 200 },
+      { end: 180, limit: 200 },
+      { end: 0, limit: 200 },
+    ])
+
+    // Forward paging must reveal the cached middle, not stop at the bounded head.
+    scroll.scrollTo(scroll.scrollHeight)
+    await setup.waitForFrame((frame) => frame.includes("History message 0059"))
+    setup.mockInput.pressKey("F7")
+    await setup.waitForFrame((frame) => frame.includes("History message 0060"))
+    expect(mounted().map((child) => child.id)).toEqual(messages.slice(0, 120).map((message) => message.id))
+    setup.mockInput.pressKey("F8")
+    await setup.waitForFrame(
+      (frame) => frame.includes("History message 0059") && !frame.includes("History message 0060"),
+    )
+
+    setup.mockInput.pressKey("END")
+    await setup.waitForFrame((frame) => frame.includes("History message 0399") && !frame.includes("Jump to latest"))
+    await setup.waitFor(() => scroll.scrollTop === maximum())
+    expect(scroll.scrollTop).toBe(maximum())
+    setup.mockInput.pressKey("HOME")
+    await setup.waitForFrame(
+      (frame) => frame.includes("History message 0000") && !frame.includes("Loading session history"),
+    )
+    setup.mockInput.pressKey("HOME")
+    await setup.waitForVisualIdle()
+    expect(scroll.scrollTop).toBe(0)
+    expect(mounted()).toHaveLength(60)
+    expect(pages).toHaveLength(mode.endsWith("cancel") ? 5 : 4)
+  } finally {
+    prior.resolve()
+    release.resolve()
+    finish.resolve()
+    if (!setup.renderer.isDestroyed) setup.renderer.destroy()
+    await task.finally(() => server.stop(true))
+  }
+})