fix(core): retry AI SDK transport failures

packages/ai/src/provider-error.ts

@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ export interface ProviderFailure {
 
 // Keep HTTP failures and provider-reported stream failures on one typed path so
 // session retry policy never needs provider-specific string matching.
-export function classifyProviderFailure(input: ProviderFailure): AIError["reason"] {
+export function classifyProviderFailure(input: ProviderFailure) {
   const body = input.http?.body ?? ""
   const codes = [input.code, ...providerCodes(body), ...providerCodes(input.message)]
     .filter((code): code is string => code !== undefined)

packages/ai/src/route/executor.ts

@@ -185,15 +185,15 @@ const secretValues = (request: HttpClientRequest.HttpClientRequest) => {
 // Two passes: structural (redact `"name": "value"` and `name=value` patterns
 // for any field name that looks sensitive) plus literal (replace any actual
 // secret values we sent in the request, in case the response echoes one back).
-const redactBody = (body: string, request: HttpClientRequest.HttpClientRequest) =>
-  Array.from(secretValues(request)).reduce(
+const redactBody = (body: string, secrets: ReadonlySet<string>) =>
+  Array.from(secrets).reduce(
     (text, secret) => text.split(secret).join(REDACTED),
     body.replace(REDACT_JSON_FIELD, `$1"${REDACTED}"`).replace(REDACT_QUERY_FIELD, `$1${REDACTED}`),
   )
 
-const responseBody = (body: string | void, request: HttpClientRequest.HttpClientRequest) => {
+const responseBody = (body: string | void, secrets: ReadonlySet<string>) => {
   if (body === undefined) return {}
-  const redacted = redactBody(body, request)
+  const redacted = redactBody(body, secrets)
   if (redacted.length <= BODY_LIMIT) return { body: redacted }
   return { body: redacted.slice(0, BODY_LIMIT), bodyTruncated: true }
 }
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ const statusError =
       const headers = normalizedHeaders(response.headers)
       const retryAfter = retryAfterMs(headers)
       const rateLimit = rateLimitDetails(headers, retryAfter)
-      const details = responseBody(body, request)
+      const details = responseBody(body, secretValues(request))
       return yield* new AIError({
         module: "RequestExecutor",
         method: "execute",
@@ -261,6 +261,40 @@ const statusError =
       })
     })
 
+// Classifies an HTTP failure captured outside the executor (for example by the
+// AI SDK's own fetch) onto the same reason types and redacted HttpContext that
+// executor-driven requests produce. The originating request is not available on
+// that path, so the method is assumed (language model calls are always POST),
+// request headers are empty, and only structural body redaction applies.
+export const classifyHttpFailure = (input: {
+  readonly message: string
+  readonly url: string
+  readonly status?: number | undefined
+  readonly responseHeaders?: Record<string, string> | undefined
+  readonly responseBody?: string | undefined
+}) => {
+  const headers = normalizedHeaders(Headers.fromInput(input.responseHeaders))
+  const retryAfter = retryAfterMs(headers)
+  const rateLimit = rateLimitDetails(headers, retryAfter)
+  const details = responseBody(input.responseBody ?? undefined, new Set<string>())
+  return classifyProviderFailure({
+    message: input.message,
+    status: input.status,
+    retryAfterMs: retryAfter,
+    rateLimit,
+    http: new HttpContext({
+      request: new HttpRequestDetails({ method: "POST", url: redactUrl(input.url), headers: {} }),
+      response:
+        input.status === undefined
+          ? undefined
+          : new HttpResponseDetails({ status: input.status, headers: redactHeaders(Headers.fromInput(headers), []) }),
+      ...details,
+      requestId: requestId(headers),
+      rateLimit,
+    }),
+  })
+}
+
 const toHttpError = (redactedNames: ReadonlyArray<string | RegExp>) => (error: unknown) => {
   const transportError = (input: {
     readonly message: string

packages/client/src/effect/api/api.ts

@@ -474,7 +474,34 @@ export type Endpoint5_31Output =
           readonly location?: Location.Ref | undefined
           readonly data: {
             readonly sessionID: Session.ID
-            readonly error: { readonly type: string; readonly message: string; readonly status?: number | undefined }
+            readonly error: {
+              readonly type: string
+              readonly message: string
+              readonly status?: number | undefined
+              readonly http?:
+                | {
+                    readonly request: {
+                      readonly method: string
+                      readonly url: string
+                      readonly headers: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                    }
+                    readonly response?:
+                      | { readonly status: number; readonly headers: { readonly [x: string]: string } }
+                      | undefined
+                    readonly body?: string | undefined
+                    readonly bodyTruncated?: boolean | undefined
+                    readonly requestId?: string | undefined
+                    readonly rateLimit?:
+                      | {
+                          readonly retryAfterMs?: number | undefined
+                          readonly limit?: { readonly [x: string]: string } | undefined
+                          readonly remaining?: { readonly [x: string]: string } | undefined
+                          readonly reset?: { readonly [x: string]: string } | undefined
+                        }
+                      | undefined
+                  }
+                | undefined
+            }
           }
         }
       | {
@@ -601,7 +628,34 @@ export type Endpoint5_31Output =
           readonly data: {
             readonly sessionID: Session.ID
             readonly assistantMessageID: SessionMessage.ID
-            readonly error: { readonly type: string; readonly message: string; readonly status?: number | undefined }
+            readonly error: {
+              readonly type: string
+              readonly message: string
+              readonly status?: number | undefined
+              readonly http?:
+                | {
+                    readonly request: {
+                      readonly method: string
+                      readonly url: string
+                      readonly headers: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                    }
+                    readonly response?:
+                      | { readonly status: number; readonly headers: { readonly [x: string]: string } }
+                      | undefined
+                    readonly body?: string | undefined
+                    readonly bodyTruncated?: boolean | undefined
+                    readonly requestId?: string | undefined
+                    readonly rateLimit?:
+                      | {
+                          readonly retryAfterMs?: number | undefined
+                          readonly limit?: { readonly [x: string]: string } | undefined
+                          readonly remaining?: { readonly [x: string]: string } | undefined
+                          readonly reset?: { readonly [x: string]: string } | undefined
+                        }
+                      | undefined
+                  }
+                | undefined
+            }
             readonly cost?: (number & Brand.Brand<"Money.USD">) | undefined
             readonly tokens?:
               | {
@@ -763,7 +817,34 @@ export type Endpoint5_31Output =
             readonly sessionID: Session.ID
             readonly assistantMessageID: SessionMessage.ID
             readonly id: string
-            readonly error: { readonly type: string; readonly message: string; readonly status?: number | undefined }
+            readonly error: {
+              readonly type: string
+              readonly message: string
+              readonly status?: number | undefined
+              readonly http?:
+                | {
+                    readonly request: {
+                      readonly method: string
+                      readonly url: string
+                      readonly headers: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                    }
+                    readonly response?:
+                      | { readonly status: number; readonly headers: { readonly [x: string]: string } }
+                      | undefined
+                    readonly body?: string | undefined
+                    readonly bodyTruncated?: boolean | undefined
+                    readonly requestId?: string | undefined
+                    readonly rateLimit?:
+                      | {
+                          readonly retryAfterMs?: number | undefined
+                          readonly limit?: { readonly [x: string]: string } | undefined
+                          readonly remaining?: { readonly [x: string]: string } | undefined
+                          readonly reset?: { readonly [x: string]: string } | undefined
+                        }
+                      | undefined
+                  }
+                | undefined
+            }
             readonly content?:
               | readonly [
                   (
@@ -803,7 +884,34 @@ export type Endpoint5_31Output =
             readonly assistantMessageID: SessionMessage.ID
             readonly attempt: number
             readonly at: number
-            readonly error: { readonly type: string; readonly message: string; readonly status?: number | undefined }
+            readonly error: {
+              readonly type: string
+              readonly message: string
+              readonly status?: number | undefined
+              readonly http?:
+                | {
+                    readonly request: {
+                      readonly method: string
+                      readonly url: string
+                      readonly headers: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                    }
+                    readonly response?:
+                      | { readonly status: number; readonly headers: { readonly [x: string]: string } }
+                      | undefined
+                    readonly body?: string | undefined
+                    readonly bodyTruncated?: boolean | undefined
+                    readonly requestId?: string | undefined
+                    readonly rateLimit?:
+                      | {
+                          readonly retryAfterMs?: number | undefined
+                          readonly limit?: { readonly [x: string]: string } | undefined
+                          readonly remaining?: { readonly [x: string]: string } | undefined
+                          readonly reset?: { readonly [x: string]: string } | undefined
+                        }
+                      | undefined
+                  }
+                | undefined
+            }
           }
         }
       | {
@@ -853,7 +961,34 @@ export type Endpoint5_31Output =
           readonly data: {
             readonly sessionID: Session.ID
             readonly reason: "auto" | "manual"
-            readonly error: { readonly type: string; readonly message: string; readonly status?: number | undefined }
+            readonly error: {
+              readonly type: string
+              readonly message: string
+              readonly status?: number | undefined
+              readonly http?:
+                | {
+                    readonly request: {
+                      readonly method: string
+                      readonly url: string
+                      readonly headers: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                    }
+                    readonly response?:
+                      | { readonly status: number; readonly headers: { readonly [x: string]: string } }
+                      | undefined
+                    readonly body?: string | undefined
+                    readonly bodyTruncated?: boolean | undefined
+                    readonly requestId?: string | undefined
+                    readonly rateLimit?:
+                      | {
+                          readonly retryAfterMs?: number | undefined
+                          readonly limit?: { readonly [x: string]: string } | undefined
+                          readonly remaining?: { readonly [x: string]: string } | undefined
+                          readonly reset?: { readonly [x: string]: string } | undefined
+                        }
+                      | undefined
+                  }
+                | undefined
+            }
             readonly inputID?: SessionMessage.ID | undefined
           }
         }

packages/client/src/promise/generated/types.ts

@@ -102,7 +102,24 @@ export type ToolTextContent = { type: "text"; text: string }
 
 export type ToolFileContent = { type: "file"; uri: string; mime: string; name?: string | null }
 
-export type SessionStructuredError = { type: string; message: string; status?: number }
+export type SessionStructuredError = {
+  type: string
+  message: string
+  status?: number
+  http?: {
+    request: { method: string; url: string; headers: { [x: string]: string } }
+    response?: { status: number; headers: { [x: string]: string } }
+    body?: string
+    bodyTruncated?: boolean
+    requestId?: string
+    rateLimit?: {
+      retryAfterMs?: number
+      limit?: { [x: string]: string }
+      remaining?: { [x: string]: string }
+      reset?: { [x: string]: string }
+    }
+  }
+}
 
 export type SessionMessageCompactionRunning = {
   type: "compaction"
@@ -2689,7 +2706,31 @@ export type SessionImportInput = {
                   | {
                       readonly status: "error"
                       readonly input: { readonly [x: string]: JsonValue }
-                      readonly error: { readonly type: string; readonly message: string; readonly status?: number }
+                      readonly error: {
+                        readonly type: string
+                        readonly message: string
+                        readonly status?: number
+                        readonly http?: {
+                          readonly request: {
+                            readonly method: string
+                            readonly url: string
+                            readonly headers: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                          }
+                          readonly response?: {
+                            readonly status: number
+                            readonly headers: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                          }
+                          readonly body?: string
+                          readonly bodyTruncated?: boolean
+                          readonly requestId?: string
+                          readonly rateLimit?: {
+                            readonly retryAfterMs?: number
+                            readonly limit?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                            readonly remaining?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                            readonly reset?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                          }
+                        }
+                      }
                       readonly content?: readonly [
                         (
                           | { readonly type: "text"; readonly text: string }
@@ -2724,11 +2765,53 @@ export type SessionImportInput = {
             readonly reasoning: number
             readonly cache: { readonly read: number; readonly write: number }
           }
-          readonly error?: { readonly type: string; readonly message: string; readonly status?: number }
+          readonly error?: {
+            readonly type: string
+            readonly message: string
+            readonly status?: number
+            readonly http?: {
+              readonly request: {
+                readonly method: string
+                readonly url: string
+                readonly headers: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+              }
+              readonly response?: { readonly status: number; readonly headers: { readonly [x: string]: string } }
+              readonly body?: string
+              readonly bodyTruncated?: boolean
+              readonly requestId?: string
+              readonly rateLimit?: {
+                readonly retryAfterMs?: number
+                readonly limit?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                readonly remaining?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                readonly reset?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+              }
+            }
+          }
           readonly retry?: {
             readonly attempt: number
             readonly at: number
-            readonly error: { readonly type: string; readonly message: string; readonly status?: number }
+            readonly error: {
+              readonly type: string
+              readonly message: string
+              readonly status?: number
+              readonly http?: {
+                readonly request: {
+                  readonly method: string
+                  readonly url: string
+                  readonly headers: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                }
+                readonly response?: { readonly status: number; readonly headers: { readonly [x: string]: string } }
+                readonly body?: string
+                readonly bodyTruncated?: boolean
+                readonly requestId?: string
+                readonly rateLimit?: {
+                  readonly retryAfterMs?: number
+                  readonly limit?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                  readonly remaining?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                  readonly reset?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                }
+              }
+            }
           }
         }
       | (
@@ -2759,7 +2842,28 @@ export type SessionImportInput = {
               readonly time: { readonly created: number }
               readonly status: "failed"
               readonly reason: "auto" | "manual"
-              readonly error: { readonly type: string; readonly message: string; readonly status?: number }
+              readonly error: {
+                readonly type: string
+                readonly message: string
+                readonly status?: number
+                readonly http?: {
+                  readonly request: {
+                    readonly method: string
+                    readonly url: string
+                    readonly headers: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                  }
+                  readonly response?: { readonly status: number; readonly headers: { readonly [x: string]: string } }
+                  readonly body?: string
+                  readonly bodyTruncated?: boolean
+                  readonly requestId?: string
+                  readonly rateLimit?: {
+                    readonly retryAfterMs?: number
+                    readonly limit?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                    readonly remaining?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                    readonly reset?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                  }
+                }
+              }
             }
         )
     >
@@ -2940,7 +3044,31 @@ export type SessionImportInput = {
                   | {
                       readonly status: "error"
                       readonly input: { readonly [x: string]: JsonValue }
-                      readonly error: { readonly type: string; readonly message: string; readonly status?: number }
+                      readonly error: {
+                        readonly type: string
+                        readonly message: string
+                        readonly status?: number
+                        readonly http?: {
+                          readonly request: {
+                            readonly method: string
+                            readonly url: string
+                            readonly headers: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                          }
+                          readonly response?: {
+                            readonly status: number
+                            readonly headers: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                          }
+                          readonly body?: string
+                          readonly bodyTruncated?: boolean
+                          readonly requestId?: string
+                          readonly rateLimit?: {
+                            readonly retryAfterMs?: number
+                            readonly limit?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                            readonly remaining?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                            readonly reset?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                          }
+                        }
+                      }
                       readonly content?: readonly [
                         (
                           | { readonly type: "text"; readonly text: string }
@@ -2975,11 +3103,53 @@ export type SessionImportInput = {
             readonly reasoning: number
             readonly cache: { readonly read: number; readonly write: number }
           }
-          readonly error?: { readonly type: string; readonly message: string; readonly status?: number }
+          readonly error?: {
+            readonly type: string
+            readonly message: string
+            readonly status?: number
+            readonly http?: {
+              readonly request: {
+                readonly method: string
+                readonly url: string
+                readonly headers: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+              }
+              readonly response?: { readonly status: number; readonly headers: { readonly [x: string]: string } }
+              readonly body?: string
+              readonly bodyTruncated?: boolean
+              readonly requestId?: string
+              readonly rateLimit?: {
+                readonly retryAfterMs?: number
+                readonly limit?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                readonly remaining?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                readonly reset?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+              }
+            }
+          }
           readonly retry?: {
             readonly attempt: number
             readonly at: number
-            readonly error: { readonly type: string; readonly message: string; readonly status?: number }
+            readonly error: {
+              readonly type: string
+              readonly message: string
+              readonly status?: number
+              readonly http?: {
+                readonly request: {
+                  readonly method: string
+                  readonly url: string
+                  readonly headers: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                }
+                readonly response?: { readonly status: number; readonly headers: { readonly [x: string]: string } }
+                readonly body?: string
+                readonly bodyTruncated?: boolean
+                readonly requestId?: string
+                readonly rateLimit?: {
+                  readonly retryAfterMs?: number
+                  readonly limit?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                  readonly remaining?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                  readonly reset?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                }
+              }
+            }
           }
         }
       | (
@@ -3010,7 +3180,28 @@ export type SessionImportInput = {
               readonly time: { readonly created: number }
               readonly status: "failed"
               readonly reason: "auto" | "manual"
-              readonly error: { readonly type: string; readonly message: string; readonly status?: number }
+              readonly error: {
+                readonly type: string
+                readonly message: string
+                readonly status?: number
+                readonly http?: {
+                  readonly request: {
+                    readonly method: string
+                    readonly url: string
+                    readonly headers: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                  }
+                  readonly response?: { readonly status: number; readonly headers: { readonly [x: string]: string } }
+                  readonly body?: string
+                  readonly bodyTruncated?: boolean
+                  readonly requestId?: string
+                  readonly rateLimit?: {
+                    readonly retryAfterMs?: number
+                    readonly limit?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                    readonly remaining?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                    readonly reset?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                  }
+                }
+              }
             }
         )
     >
@@ -3191,7 +3382,31 @@ export type SessionImportInput = {
                   | {
                       readonly status: "error"
                       readonly input: { readonly [x: string]: JsonValue }
-                      readonly error: { readonly type: string; readonly message: string; readonly status?: number }
+                      readonly error: {
+                        readonly type: string
+                        readonly message: string
+                        readonly status?: number
+                        readonly http?: {
+                          readonly request: {
+                            readonly method: string
+                            readonly url: string
+                            readonly headers: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                          }
+                          readonly response?: {
+                            readonly status: number
+                            readonly headers: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                          }
+                          readonly body?: string
+                          readonly bodyTruncated?: boolean
+                          readonly requestId?: string
+                          readonly rateLimit?: {
+                            readonly retryAfterMs?: number
+                            readonly limit?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                            readonly remaining?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                            readonly reset?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                          }
+                        }
+                      }
                       readonly content?: readonly [
                         (
                           | { readonly type: "text"; readonly text: string }
@@ -3226,11 +3441,53 @@ export type SessionImportInput = {
             readonly reasoning: number
             readonly cache: { readonly read: number; readonly write: number }
           }
-          readonly error?: { readonly type: string; readonly message: string; readonly status?: number }
+          readonly error?: {
+            readonly type: string
+            readonly message: string
+            readonly status?: number
+            readonly http?: {
+              readonly request: {
+                readonly method: string
+                readonly url: string
+                readonly headers: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+              }
+              readonly response?: { readonly status: number; readonly headers: { readonly [x: string]: string } }
+              readonly body?: string
+              readonly bodyTruncated?: boolean
+              readonly requestId?: string
+              readonly rateLimit?: {
+                readonly retryAfterMs?: number
+                readonly limit?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                readonly remaining?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                readonly reset?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+              }
+            }
+          }
           readonly retry?: {
             readonly attempt: number
             readonly at: number
-            readonly error: { readonly type: string; readonly message: string; readonly status?: number }
+            readonly error: {
+              readonly type: string
+              readonly message: string
+              readonly status?: number
+              readonly http?: {
+                readonly request: {
+                  readonly method: string
+                  readonly url: string
+                  readonly headers: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                }
+                readonly response?: { readonly status: number; readonly headers: { readonly [x: string]: string } }
+                readonly body?: string
+                readonly bodyTruncated?: boolean
+                readonly requestId?: string
+                readonly rateLimit?: {
+                  readonly retryAfterMs?: number
+                  readonly limit?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                  readonly remaining?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                  readonly reset?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                }
+              }
+            }
           }
         }
       | (
@@ -3261,7 +3518,28 @@ export type SessionImportInput = {
               readonly time: { readonly created: number }
               readonly status: "failed"
               readonly reason: "auto" | "manual"
-              readonly error: { readonly type: string; readonly message: string; readonly status?: number }
+              readonly error: {
+                readonly type: string
+                readonly message: string
+                readonly status?: number
+                readonly http?: {
+                  readonly request: {
+                    readonly method: string
+                    readonly url: string
+                    readonly headers: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                  }
+                  readonly response?: { readonly status: number; readonly headers: { readonly [x: string]: string } }
+                  readonly body?: string
+                  readonly bodyTruncated?: boolean
+                  readonly requestId?: string
+                  readonly rateLimit?: {
+                    readonly retryAfterMs?: number
+                    readonly limit?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                    readonly remaining?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                    readonly reset?: { readonly [x: string]: string }
+                  }
+                }
+              }
             }
         )
     >

packages/core/src/aisdk.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 export * as AISDK from "./aisdk"
 
 import { makeLocationNode } from "@opencode-ai/util/effect/app-node"
+import { APICallError } from "@ai-sdk/provider"
 import type {
   JSONSchema7,
   JSONValue,
@@ -22,6 +23,7 @@ import {
   LanguageModel,
   ProviderID,
   ProviderMetadata,
+  TransportReason,
   ToolResultValue,
   UnknownProviderReason,
   type ContentPart,
@@ -29,7 +31,7 @@ import {
   type ToolDefinition,
   type UsageInput,
 } from "@opencode-ai/ai"
-import { Auth, Endpoint, type AnyRoute } from "@opencode-ai/ai/route"
+import { Auth, Endpoint, RequestExecutor, type AnyRoute } from "@opencode-ai/ai/route"
 import { ProviderShared } from "@opencode-ai/ai/protocols/shared"
 import { Cause, Context, Effect, Layer, Option, Schema, Scope, Stream } from "effect"
 import type { ID, Info } from "./model"
@@ -723,7 +725,9 @@ function llmError(method: string, error: unknown) {
   const reason =
     error instanceof AIError
       ? new InvalidProviderOutputReason({ message: error.message })
-      : new UnknownProviderReason({ message: error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error) })
+      : APICallError.isInstance(error)
+        ? apiCallErrorReason(error)
+        : new UnknownProviderReason({ message: unknownErrorMessage(error) })
   return new AIError({
     module: "AISDK",
     method,
@@ -731,4 +735,50 @@ function llmError(method: string, error: unknown) {
   })
 }
 
+function apiCallErrorReason(error: APICallError) {
+  const reason = RequestExecutor.classifyHttpFailure({
+    message: unknownErrorMessage(error),
+    url: error.url,
+    status: error.statusCode,
+    responseHeaders: error.responseHeaders,
+    responseBody: error.responseBody,
+  })
+  if (error.statusCode !== undefined || !error.isRetryable) return reason
+  return new TransportReason({
+    message: reason.message,
+    kind: error.name,
+    url: error.url,
+    http: reason.http,
+  })
+}
+
+const ProviderErrorBody = Schema.Struct({
+  message: Schema.optionalKey(Schema.String),
+  code: Schema.optionalKey(Schema.String),
+  error: Schema.optionalKey(
+    Schema.Struct({
+      message: Schema.optionalKey(Schema.String),
+      code: Schema.optionalKey(Schema.String),
+    }),
+  ),
+})
+const decodeErrorData = Schema.decodeUnknownOption(ProviderErrorBody)
+const decodeErrorBody = Schema.decodeUnknownOption(Schema.fromJsonString(ProviderErrorBody))
+
+// AI SDK errors such as AI_APICallError can carry an empty message while still
+// holding structured provider details. Derive a safe non-empty fallback from
+// recognized error fields only; never surface the raw response payload.
+function unknownErrorMessage(error: unknown) {
+  const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)
+  if (message.trim() !== "") return message
+  if (!APICallError.isInstance(error)) return "Provider request failed"
+  const body =
+    Option.getOrUndefined(decodeErrorData(error.data)) ?? Option.getOrUndefined(decodeErrorBody(error.responseBody))
+  const detail = body?.error ?? body
+  if (detail?.message) return detail.message
+  const prefix =
+    error.statusCode === undefined ? "Provider request failed" : `Provider request failed with HTTP ${error.statusCode}`
+  return detail?.code ? `${prefix}: ${detail.code}` : prefix
+}
+
 export const node = makeLocationNode({ service: Service, layer: locationLayer, deps: [] })

packages/core/src/session/to-session-error.ts

@@ -60,7 +60,12 @@ export function toSessionError(cause: unknown): SessionError.Error {
 }
 
 function providerError(type: string, reason: AIError["reason"]): SessionError.Error {
-  const status =
-    ("http" in reason ? reason.http?.response?.status : undefined) ?? ("status" in reason ? reason.status : undefined)
-  return { type, message: reason.message, ...(status === undefined ? {} : { status }) }
+  const http = "http" in reason ? reason.http : undefined
+  const status = http?.response?.status ?? ("status" in reason ? reason.status : undefined)
+  return {
+    type,
+    message: reason.message,
+    ...(status === undefined ? {} : { status }),
+    ...(http === undefined ? {} : { http }),
+  }
 }

packages/core/test/aisdk.test.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
+import { APICallError } from "@ai-sdk/provider"
 import type { LanguageModelV3, LanguageModelV3StreamPart } from "@ai-sdk/provider"
 import { AISDK } from "@opencode-ai/core/aisdk"
+import { SessionRunnerRetry } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/runner/retry"
+import { toSessionError } from "@opencode-ai/core/session/to-session-error"
 import { Model } from "@opencode-ai/core/model"
 import { Provider } from "@opencode-ai/core/provider"
 import { LLM, AIError, LLMEvent, Message } from "@opencode-ai/ai"
@@ -337,3 +340,131 @@ it.effect("keeps malformed provider-executed AI SDK input terminal", () =>
     expect(error.message).toContain("Invalid JSON input for aisdk tool call web_search")
   }),
 )
+
+const failingModel = (failure: unknown): LanguageModelV3 => ({
+  specificationVersion: "v3",
+  provider: "test",
+  modelId: "test",
+  supportedUrls: {},
+  doGenerate: () => Promise.reject(new Error("Unexpected non-streaming request")),
+  doStream: () => Promise.reject(failure),
+})
+
+const streamFailure = (failure: unknown) =>
+  Effect.gen(function* () {
+    const aisdk = yield* AISDK.Service
+    yield* aisdk.hook.sdk((event) => {
+      event.sdk = { languageModel: () => failingModel(failure) }
+    })
+    const resolved = yield* aisdk.model(model("test-ai-sdk"))
+    return yield* LLMClient.generate(LLM.request({ model: resolved, prompt: "Hello" })).pipe(
+      Effect.provide(client),
+      Effect.flip,
+    )
+  })
+
+it.effect("preserves non-empty AI SDK error messages", () =>
+  Effect.gen(function* () {
+    const error = yield* streamFailure(new Error("Bad Request"))
+    expect(error).toBeInstanceOf(AIError)
+    expect(error.reason).toMatchObject({ _tag: "UnknownProvider", message: "Bad Request" })
+  }),
+)
+
+const apiCallError = (input: Partial<ConstructorParameters<typeof APICallError>[0]>) =>
+  new APICallError({
+    message: "",
+    url: "https://api.example.com/chat",
+    requestBodyValues: { messages: [{ role: "user", content: "private prompt" }] },
+    responseHeaders: { authorization: "Bearer secret-token" },
+    ...input,
+  })
+
+it.effect("derives status and code when the AI SDK error message is empty", () =>
+  Effect.gen(function* () {
+    const error = yield* streamFailure(
+      apiCallError({
+        statusCode: 404,
+        responseBody: '{"error":{"message":"","code":"not_found"}}',
+        data: { error: { message: "", code: "not_found" } },
+      }),
+    )
+    expect(error.reason.message).toBe("Provider request failed with HTTP 404: not_found")
+    expect(error.reason.message).not.toContain("secret-token")
+    expect(error.reason.message).not.toContain("private prompt")
+    const projected = toSessionError(error)
+    expect(projected.type).toBe("provider.invalid-request")
+    expect(projected.status).toBe(404)
+    expect(projected.message).not.toBe("")
+    expect(projected.http?.body).toBe('{"error":{"message":"","code":"not_found"}}')
+  }),
+)
+
+it.effect("persists redacted HTTP context from AI SDK call errors", () =>
+  Effect.gen(function* () {
+    const error = yield* streamFailure(
+      apiCallError({
+        statusCode: 404,
+        responseBody: '{"error":{"message":"","code":"not_found"}}',
+      }),
+    )
+    expect(error.reason).toMatchObject({ _tag: "InvalidRequest" })
+    const http = toSessionError(error).http
+    expect(http?.request.url).toBe("https://api.example.com/chat")
+    expect(http?.response?.status).toBe(404)
+    expect(http?.response?.headers["authorization"]).toBe("<redacted>")
+    expect(http?.body).toBe('{"error":{"message":"","code":"not_found"}}')
+  }),
+)
+
+it.effect("classifies retryable AI SDK failures with retry-after details", () =>
+  Effect.gen(function* () {
+    const error = yield* streamFailure(
+      apiCallError({
+        statusCode: 429,
+        responseHeaders: { "retry-after": "7" },
+      }),
+    )
+    expect(error.reason).toMatchObject({ _tag: "RateLimit", retryAfterMs: 7000 })
+  }),
+)
+
+it.effect("retries status-less AI SDK transport failures", () =>
+  Effect.gen(function* () {
+    const error = yield* streamFailure(
+      apiCallError({
+        message: "Cannot connect to API: connection refused",
+        isRetryable: true,
+      }),
+    )
+    expect(error.reason).toMatchObject({ _tag: "Transport", kind: "AI_APICallError" })
+    expect(SessionRunnerRetry.isRetryable(error)).toBeTrue()
+    expect(toSessionError(error).http?.request.url).toBe("https://api.example.com/chat")
+  }),
+)
+
+it.effect("prefers a structured provider message over the code fallback", () =>
+  Effect.gen(function* () {
+    const error = yield* streamFailure(
+      apiCallError({
+        statusCode: 404,
+        data: { error: { message: "The requested model does not exist", code: "not_found" } },
+      }),
+    )
+    expect(error.reason.message).toBe("The requested model does not exist")
+  }),
+)
+
+it.effect("falls back to the status alone for malformed response bodies", () =>
+  Effect.gen(function* () {
+    const error = yield* streamFailure(
+      apiCallError({
+        statusCode: 502,
+        isRetryable: false,
+        responseBody: "<html>Bad Gateway</html>",
+      }),
+    )
+    expect(error.reason).toMatchObject({ _tag: "ProviderInternal", status: 502 })
+    expect(error.reason.message).toBe("Provider request failed with HTTP 502")
+  }),
+)

packages/core/test/session-error.test.ts

@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ describe("toSessionError", () => {
     })
   })
 
-  test("preserves provider HTTP status", () => {
+  test("preserves provider HTTP context", () => {
     const http = new HttpContext({
       request: new HttpRequestDetails({ method: "POST", url: "https://example.com", headers: {} }),
       response: new HttpResponseDetails({ status: 413, headers: {} }),
@@ -83,6 +83,7 @@ describe("toSessionError", () => {
       type: "provider.invalid-request",
       message: "too large",
       status: 413,
+      http,
     })
     expect(toSessionError(llm(new ProviderInternalReason({ message: "bad gateway", status: 502 })))).toEqual({
       type: "provider.internal",

packages/schema/src/session-error.ts

@@ -3,9 +3,33 @@ export * as SessionError from "./session-error.js"
 import { Schema } from "effect"
 import { optional } from "./schema.js"
 
+const HttpRateLimitDetails = Schema.Struct({
+  retryAfterMs: Schema.Finite.pipe(optional),
+  limit: Schema.Record(Schema.String, Schema.String).pipe(optional),
+  remaining: Schema.Record(Schema.String, Schema.String).pipe(optional),
+  reset: Schema.Record(Schema.String, Schema.String).pipe(optional),
+})
+
+const HttpContext = Schema.Struct({
+  request: Schema.Struct({
+    method: Schema.String,
+    url: Schema.String,
+    headers: Schema.Record(Schema.String, Schema.String),
+  }),
+  response: Schema.Struct({
+    status: Schema.Int.check(Schema.isBetween({ minimum: 100, maximum: 599 })),
+    headers: Schema.Record(Schema.String, Schema.String),
+  }).pipe(optional),
+  body: Schema.String.pipe(optional),
+  bodyTruncated: Schema.Boolean.pipe(optional),
+  requestId: Schema.String.pipe(optional),
+  rateLimit: HttpRateLimitDetails.pipe(optional),
+})
+
 export interface Error extends Schema.Schema.Type<typeof Error> {}
 export const Error = Schema.Struct({
   type: Schema.String,
   message: Schema.String,
   status: Schema.Int.check(Schema.isBetween({ minimum: 100, maximum: 599 })).pipe(optional),
+  http: HttpContext.pipe(optional),
 }).annotate({ identifier: "Session.StructuredError" })

packages/schema/test/session-error.test.ts

@@ -12,6 +12,18 @@ describe("SessionError", () => {
     const values: SessionError.Error[] = [
       { type: "provider.rate-limit", message: "Slow down" },
       { type: "provider.auth", message: "Authentication failed" },
+      {
+        type: "provider.internal",
+        message: "Unavailable",
+        status: 503,
+        http: {
+          request: { method: "POST", url: "https://api.example.com/chat", headers: {} },
+          response: { status: 503, headers: { "retry-after": "5" } },
+          body: '{"error":{"code":"unavailable"}}',
+          requestId: "request-1",
+          rateLimit: { retryAfterMs: 5_000 },
+        },
+      },
       { type: "provider.future-condition", message: "A future provider failure" },
       { type: "unknown", message: "Unexpected" },
     ]